Briefly explain the mechanisms involved in vascular spasm, platelet plug formation and clot formation.
VASCULAR SPASM IS THE IMMEDIATE RESPONSE TO BLOOD VESSEL INJURY; PLATELET PLUG FORMATION IS THE TEMPORARY BLOCKAGE OF THE BREAK; CLOT FORMATION IS WHEN FIBRINS STICK TOGETHER AND SEAL THE WOUND.
Forms a temporary plug at the site of bleeding
PLATELETS
Increase in numbers significantly during bacterial infections
NEUTROPHILS
Contain the anticoalgulant heparin granules
BASOPHILS
Play a critical role in immunity
LYMPHOCYTES
Differentiate into macrophages
MONOCYTES
A blood clot which breaks loose and moves in the blood stream is called an
EMBOLUS
A high white blood cell count is called
LEUKOCYTOSIS
A patient has a differential white blood cell count performed and has the following results:
Neutrophils - 5000; Lymphocytes - 2000; Monocytes - 400; Eosinophils - 5000; Basophils - 100. The organisms or particles most likely to cause these results are
PARASITIC WORMS
All blood cells begin as the same type of cell called
HEMOCYTOBLAST
All of the following conditions impair coagulation except
VASCULAR SPASM
Blood is a
SUSPENSION
Father has type O positive blood, mother has type AB negative blood. Which antigen(s) does father have on the red blood cells in his blood
Rh (a,b,o,rh,none of the above)
Father has type O positive blood, mother has type AB negative blood. Which antibody and antibodies does the mother have in her blood
NONE OF THE ABOVE (anti-a,anti-b,anti-o,none of the above)
Father has type O positive blood, mother has type AB negative blood. Which blood type(s)is it possible for their son to have
TYPE A and TYPE B (type a,type b,type o,type ab)
Healthy adults normally have about how many red blood cells per cubic millimeter of blood
5,000,000
Healthy adults normally have about how many white blood cells per cubic millimeter of blood
10,000
Most of the clotting factors require which chemical element to do their job
CALCIUM
Normally the most numerous of the leukocytes are the
NEUTROPHILS
Plasma can be given without any danger of incompatibility because it lacks
ANTIGENS
Platelets
STICK TO THE DAMAGED AREA OF A BLOOD VESSEL AND HELP SEAL THE LEAK
The average life span of an erythrocyte is normally about
FOUR MONTHS OR 120 DAYS
The heme (ring) portion of the hemoglobin of broken down red blood cells is converted to a straight chain compound called
BILIRUBIN
The leukocyte that releases histamine is the
BASOPHIL
The Rh factor is an antigen that is found on the
RED BLOOD CELLS OF PEOPLE WHO ARE Rh POSITIVE
The slowest step in the clotting process is
FORMATION OF PROTHROMBIN ACTIVATOR
Which blood type is called the universal donor
TYPE O
Which of the following might trigger erythropoiesis
INCREASED TISSUE DEMAND FOR OXYGEN
Which of the following is not a cause of bleeding disorders
EXCESS SECRETION OF PLATELET-COVERED GROWTH FACTOR (PDGF)
Which sequence is correct for the following events:
1. fibrinogen -> fibrin
2. clot retraction
3. formation of thromboplastin
4. prothrombin -> thrombin
3,4,1,2