At one time, disordered people were simply warehoused in asylums. These were replaced with psychiatric hospitals in which attempts were made to diagnose and cure those with psychological disorders. This best illustrates one of the beneficial consequences of
a.psychoanalytic theory.
b.the DSM-IV-TR.
c.the medical model.
d.linkage analysis.
c.
A current authoritative scheme for classifying psychological disorders is known as the
a.DID.
b.medical model.
c.DSM-IV-TR.
d. biopsychosocial approach.
c.
Lenore is unexplainably and continually tense and is plagued by muscle tension, sleeplessness, and an inability to concentrate. Lenore most likely suffers from
a. a phobia.
b. a dissociative disorder.
c. obsessive-compulsive disorder.
d. generalized anxiety disorder.
d.
Years after he barely survived a terrorist attack that killed his wife and two children, Mr. Puskari suffers recurring flashbacks and frequent nightmares of the event that render him incapable of holding a steady job. Mr. Puskari is most clearly showing signs of
a. obsessive-compulsive disorder.
b. generalized anxiety disorder.
c. post-traumatic stress disorder.
d. dissociative identity disorder.
c.
Andrea experiences extreme anxiety when approaching any lake. Her therapist suggests that her fear results from a traumatic boat accident she experienced as a child. The therapist's suggestion reflects a ________ perspective.
a. psychoanalytic
b. biological
c. learning
d. humanistic
c.
Elaine feels that her life is empty, has lost all interest in her career and hobbies, and wonders if she would be better off dead. She is most likely suffering from
a. a dissociative disorder.
b. antisocial personality disorder.
c. a mood disorder.
d. agoraphobia.
c.
An overabundance of the neurotransmitter norepinephrine is most likely to be associated with
a. a manic episode.
b. schizophrenia.
c. a dissociative disorder.
d. antisocial personality disorder.
a.
Mr. James believes that people are constantly laughing at him and that FBI agents are trying to steal his life savings. Mr. James is most clearly suffering from
a. compulsions.
b. catatonia.
c. delusions.
d. hallucinations.
c.
Which of the following best illustrates a negative symptom of schizophrenia?
a. hallucinations
b. delusions
c. social withdrawal
d. inappropriate rage
c.
Catatonia is characterized by
a. periods of immobility or excessive, purposeless movement.
b. offensive and unwanted thoughts that persistently preoccupy a person.
c. hyperactive, wildly optimistic states of emotion.
d. delusions of persecution.
a.
Therapeutic drugs that block dopamine receptors are most likely to reduce
a. hallucinations.
b. depression.
c. agoraphobia.
d. generalized anxiety disorder.
a.
The relationship between the season of the year in which people are born and their subsequent risk of schizophrenia best highlights the role of ________ in this disorder.
a. genetic influences
b. viral infections
c. oxygen deprivation
d. learned helplessness
b.
A sudden loss of memory is a symptom of
a. bipolar disorder.
b. a dissociative disorder.
c. panic disorder.
d. obsessive-compulsive disorder.
b.
Melissa uses laxatives in an attempt to lose some of the weight she gained from binge eating. Melissa most clearly demonstrates symptoms of
a. anorexia nervosa.
b. agoraphobia.
c. bulimia nervosa.
d. panic disorder.
c.
Kyle is extremely manipulative and can look anyone in the eye and lie convincingly. His deceit often endangers the safety and well-being of those around him, but he is indifferent to any suffering they might experience as a result of his actions. His behavior best illustrates
a. schizophrenia.
b. dissociative identity disorder.
c. obsessive-compulsive disorder.
d. antisocial personality disorder.
d.
Brian often interrupts his teacher while she is speaking and frequently forgets to complete his homework assignments. He also has difficulty taking turns in playground games with classmates. Brian most clearly exhibits symptoms of
a. DID.
b. OCD.
c. PTSD.
d. ADHD.
d.
An integrated understanding of psychological disorders in terms of stressful memories, evolutionary processes, and gender roles is most clearly provided by
a. linkage analysis.
b. a biopsychosocial approach.
c. the medical model.
d. the learning perspective.
b.
After participants in one study were informed that a videotaped interviewee was a psychiatric patient, they characterized the person with phrases such as "a passive, dependent type" and "frightened of his own aggressive impulses." This study best illustrated the
a. dangers of dissociative identity disorder.
b. unreliability of the DSM-IV-TR.
c. biasing power of diagnostic labels.
d. shortcomings of the social-cognitive perspective.
c.
Symptoms that may be misperceived as a heart attack are most characteristic of
a. bipolar disorder.
b. panic disorder.
c. dissociative disorders.
d. obsessive-compulsive disorder.
b.
Although Mark realizes that his behavior is unreasonable, he is so alarmed by high bridges or expressway overpasses that he avoids them by taking an unnecessarily lengthy route to and from work each day. Mark appears to suffer from
a. obsessive-compulsive disorder.
b. a mood disorder.
c. a phobia.
d. generalized anxiety disorder.
c.
Without success, Maxine spends hours each day trying to suppress intrusive thoughts that she might have forgotten to lock her house when she left for work. Her experience is most symptomatic of
a. panic disorder.
b. obsessive-compulsive disorder.
c. generalized anxiety disorder.
d. a histrionic personality disorder.
b.
Mr. Hoffman has always been cautious with his money, but over the past two weeks he has developed grandiose plans to bet his entire life savings on a single horse race. With unrestrained exuberance he has also been giving everybody he sees unsolicited advice on how to make millions in the stock market. Mr. Hoffman's behavior is most indicative of
a. obsessive-compulsive disorder.
b. antisocial personality disorder.
c. mania.
d. panic disorder.
c.
Amanda's therapist suggests that her depression results from mistakenly blaming herself rather than a slumping economy for her recent job loss. Her therapist's suggestion best illustrates a
a. DSM-IV-TR diagnosis.
b. linkage analysis.
c. medical model.
d. social-cognitive perspective.
d.
Mrs. Higgins believes that aliens from another planet have removed her stomach and are watching her to see how long it takes her to grow another one. Mrs. Higgins is most likely suffering from
a. agoraphobia.
b. bipolar disorder.
c. schizophrenia.
d. dissociative identity disorder.
c.
Michael complains that threatening voices are constantly telling him that he is so evil he should drown himself. Michael is experiencing
a. a panic attack.
b. catatonia.
c. flat affect.
d. hallucinations.
d.
Oxygen deprivation at the time of birth is a known risk factor for
a. panic disorder.
b. schizophrenia.
c. bipolar disorder.
d. obsessive-compulsive disorder.
b.
The suggestion that dissociative identity disorder symptoms are created as defenses against the anxiety caused by one's own unacceptable impulses best illustrates the
a. psychodynamic perspective.
b. biopsychosocial approach.
c. medical model.
d. social-cognitive perspective.
a.
Lindsey is extremely afraid of becoming obese even though she is underweight. She often checks her body in the mirror for any signs of fat and refuses to eat most foods because she insists they are fatty or high in calories. Lindsey most clearly demonstrates symptoms of
a. bulimia nervosa.
b. agoraphobia.
c. anorexia nervosa.
d. panic disorder.
c.
Low levels of anxiety are most characteristic of
a. antisocial personality disorder.
b. dissociative identity disorder.
c. obsessive-compulsive disorder.
d. major depressive disorder.
a.
Symptoms of schizophrenia begin to appear at a median age of about
a. 5.
b. 12.
c. 20.
d. 32.
c.