What effects water quality?
Dissolved O2
pH
Alkalinity
Hardness
Ammonia
What else do gills do that lungs do not do?
electrolye transfer and nitrogen waste
What are water parameters affect dissolved O2
Temp
Barometric pressure
Salinity
Amount of sunlight
Turbulence
When is the oxygen level the highest?
At the end of the day
How does photosynthesis affect the oxygen levels?
Elevates
When is the oxygen level the lowest?
At dawn
What are abnormal DO conditions causing fish death?
Height of summer
Warm, shallow water
Heavy algea
growth
Decomposing organic matter
Overstocking
How can you fix a dissolved oxygen problem in home aquariums?
Aeration stone
Agitation of water
Increase with live water
plants
Provide sufficient lighting
What is supersaturation disease?
Opposite of low DO, tanks have to aggressive aeration, the pipes stand too high, have cavitating pumps, forces N2 and O2 into solution, the air bubbles form in the fishes tissues
What is pH
The ability to lend or take an H+
What does a base like to do with the H+
Lend out to them
What does a acid like to do with the H+
Take them out
What is pH affected by?
CO2 and carbonate
What is the usual pH in fresh water?
5-8
What is seawater heaviliy buffered with
Bicarbonate and borate
How does a fish obtain the calcium for their bones?
Through the hardiness of the water
Chesapeake Channa
Invasive
Blue and Flathead Catfish
Invasive
Flathead catfish
invasive
Channel catfish
Native
White catfish
Native
Algae
simple nonflowering plants of a large group that includes the seaweeds and many single-celled forms. Algae contain chlorophyll but lack true stems, roots, leaves, and vascular tissue.
Aquatic biodiversity
the variety of life and the ecosystems that make up the freshwater, tidal, and marine regions of the world and their interactions
Aquatic organism
an animal, either vertebrate or invertebrate, which lives in water for most or all of its life
Bioaccumulation
the accumulation of a substance, such as a toxic chemical, in various tissues of a living organism
Biological availability
the degree and rate at which a substance is absorbed into a living system or is made available at the site of physiological activity
Bog
an area of wet, spongy ground consisting mainly of decayed or decaying peat moss (sphagnum) and other vegetation
Bonded
a mutual attraction between two atoms resulting from a redistribution of their outer electrons
Particularly turbid lake
400 NTU or greater
Perfectly clear lake
0 NTU
The 3 major types of particles responsible for scattering light
algae, detritus, silt
Algae
grows in water
Detritus
dead organic matter that comes from dead algae, higher plants, zooplankton, bacteria, fungi etc.
Silt
inorganic or mineral suspended sediment coming mainly from shoreline erosion and from re-suspension of bottom sediments due to wind mixing
High Secchi disk reading
clearer water
Low Secchi disk reading
turbid / colored water
Turbidity tube
a common inexpensive method to monitoring turbidity in a river / stream
Ammonia
pH 11.5
Bleach
pH 12.5
Sea water
pH 8
Swimming pool water
pH 7.5
Distilled water
pH 7
Pure rain
pH 5.5
Beer
pH 4.5
Vinegar
pH 3
Battery acid
Battery acid
Metalimnion
the middle layer of water in a stratified lake
Lake water % of HCO3
73%
Lake water % of Ca
63%
Streams
small running water habitat that is cooler and contains more dissolved oxygen
Rivers
large running water habitat that is warmer and contains less dissolved oxygen
Eutrophic Lakes
Shallower and warmer lakes that are the most productive of lake types with photosynthesis occurring at high levels and lots of organic matter accumulates at the bottom.