What type of immunity results from vaccination?
artificially acquired active immunity
What type of immunity results from transfer of antibodies from one individual to a susceptible individual by means of injection?
artificially acquired passive immunity
What type of immunity results from recovery from mumps?
naturally acquired active immunity
Which of the following is the best definition of epitope?
specific regions on antigens that interact with antibodies
Newborns' immunity due to the transfer of antibodies across the placenta is an example of
naturally acquired passive immunity.
Which of the following statements is NOT a possible outcome of antigen-antibody reaction?
clonal deletion
Which of the following cells is NOT an APC?
natural killer cells
When an antibody binds to a toxin, the resulting action is referred to as
neutralization.
CD4+ T cells are activated by
interaction between CD4+ and MHC II.
Which of the following recognizes antigens displayed on host cells with MHC II?
TH cell
The specificity of an antibody is due to
the variable portions of the H and L chains.
Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of B cells?
They recognize antigens associated with MHC I.
Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of cellular immunity?
B cells make antibodies.
Plasma cells are activated by a(n)
antigen.
The antibodies found in mucus, saliva, and tears are
IgA.
The antibodies found almost entirely and only on the surface of B cells (not secreted from them), and which always exist as monomers, are
IgD.
The antibodies that typically bind to large parasites are
IgE
In addition to IgG, the antibodies that can fix complement are
IgM
Large antibodies that agglutinate antigens are
IgM.
The most abundant class of antibodies in serum is
IgG.
In Figure 17.1, which letter on the graph indicates the patient's
secondary response to a repeated exposure with the identical
antigen?
a
c
In Figure 17.1, which letter on the graph indicates the highest antibody titer during the patient's response to a second and distinct/different antigen?
e
In Figure 17.1, the arrow at time (d) indicates
exposure to a new antigen.
Which of the following statements is FALSE?
The constant region of a heavy chain is the same for all antibodies.
Which of the following is the best definition of antigen?
a chemical that elicits an antibody response and can combine with these antibodies
Which of the following are NOT lymphocytes?
M cells
The following events elicit an antibody response. What is the third step?
TH cell recognizes antigen-digest and MHC II.
In Figure 17.2, which areas are similar for all IgG antibodies?
c and d
In Figure 17.2, which areas are different for all IgM antibodies?
a and b
In Figure 17.2, which areas represent antigen-binding sites?
a and b
In Figure 17.2, what portion will typically attach to a host cell?
e
Which of the following bacterial components would most likely result in B cell stimulation by T-independent antigens?
capsule
The presence of which of the following indicates a current infection rather than a previous infection or vaccination?
IgM
Which of the following destroys virus-infected cells?
CTL
The following events occur in cellular immunity, leading to a response from TH cells. What is the third step?
TH cells proliferate.
Cytokines released by TH1 cells
activate CD8+ cells to CTLs
Which one of the following causes transmembrane channels in target cells?
perforin
At a minimum, the human immune system is capable of recognizing approximately how many different antigens?
1015
Thymic selection
destroys T cells that do not recognize self-molecules of MHC.
Which of the following statements about natural killer cells is FALSE?
They are stimulated by an antigen.
An antibody's Fc region can be bound by
macrophages.
A Treg cell deficiency could result in
autoimmunity.
ADCC is a process that is most effective in destroying
eukaryotic pathogens.
IL-2, produced by TH cells,
stimulates TH cell maturation.
NK cells do all of the following EXCEPT
become activated by TH-2 cells.
Which terms regarding components of adaptive immunity are mismatched?
TH cells - MHCI interaction.
Which of the following statements about cytokines is FALSE?
There are 10 types.
A cell undergoing apoptosis
is employed as an infection-fighting mechanism.
The importance of M cells concerns
facilitation of contact between antigens in the intestinal tract and the immune system.
Which of the following terms regarding roles of chemical messengers is mismatched?
tumor necrosis factor - stimulate tumor metastasis