Science test Flashcards


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updated 3 months ago by seungberry_abigail
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1

Outer planets characteristics

-larger than the inner planets

-They do not have solid surfaces

-Outer planets are mostly called gas giants

-Most of the elements in these planets are in a liquid state due to the height pressure and heat inside the planet

-The outermost layer of these planets are cold, but the temperature increases as we go further into the planets

2

What is the largest planet in our solar system?

Jupiter

3

What is Jupiter mainly composed of?

Hydrogen and helium

4

Why are most of the outer planets colder than the inner ones?

They are cold due to their great distance from the sun.

5

How many moons does Jupiter have?

Jupiter has at least 63 moons surrounding it.

6

What kind of atmosphere does Jupiter have?

Jupiter has a thick atmosphere.

7

How big is Jupiter's red spot?

Jupiter's red spot is bigger than earth.

8

How much greater is Jupiter's atmospheric pressure to Eath's?

Jupiter's atmospheric pressure is 2.4 times greater than Earth's.

9

What so scientists think Jupiter's core is made out of?

They think it's a dense core of rock and iron with a thick mantle of liquid.

10

How many times greater is Jupiter's core compared to Earth's atmospheric pressure.

It is estimated to be more than 30 million times greater than Earth's atmospheric pressure.

11

What are the moon Galileo discovered called?

Galilean Moons

12

What is Jupiter's largest moon?

Ganymede

13

WHich of Jupiter's moon has more than 300 volcanoes?

Io

14

Which of Jupiter's moons is covered with ice and might have liquid water below the ice, which has potential for life?

Europa

15

Which moon is Jupiter's second largest moon and has the most craters?

Callisto

16

Which planet is the second largest planet in our solar system?

Saturn

17

Does Saturn have a thick atmosphere?

Yes

18

What elements are Saturn mainly composed of?

Hydrogen and helium

19

Which planet has an unusual 6 sided cloud pattern?

Saturn

20

What are Saturn's rings made of?

They are made of chunks of ice and rocks.

21

How are Saturn's rings kept in place?

It is kept in place by the gravity of Saturn's moons.

22

What is Saturn's largest moon?

Titan

23

What is Titan mainly made of?

Hydrogen and methane

24

What moon has a thick atmosphere?

Titan

25

How much larger is Uranus compared to Earth?

Uranus is about 4 times larger than Earth.

26

Why does Uranus have a blue green color?

It's mainly because of it's methane.

27

Does Uranus have rings?

Yes

28

How does Uranus rotates?

It rotates from top to bottom

29

How long does Uranus rotates per day?

17 hours

30

What do Saturn's five largest moons have?

They have icy cratered surfaces. They also have lava that flows on their surface.

31

How many moons does Uranus have that we have discovered so far?

27 moons

32

Why is Neptune blue?

It is blue due to methane

33

What is Neptune's biggest moon?

Triton

34

DId Neptune use to have a dark spot?

Yes

35

How many moons does Neptune have?

14 moons

36

How does scientist classify asteroids and comets?

They classify them by their size, shape, composition, and orbits.

37

Asteroid Belt

a region of asteroids that separate Jupiter and Mars

38

Kuiper Belt

a region of mostly dwarf planets beyond Neptune's orbit, extending 100 times Earth's distance from the sun.

39

Oort cloud

a special region of comets, extending more than 1,000 times the distance between Neptune and the sun

40

Dwarf planets

objects that orbit the sun, and are spherical, but they have other objects in the area of their orbits

41

What were the five dwarf planets scientists identified in 2012?

Pluto, Eris, MakeMake, Haumea, and Ceres.

42

Comets

loose collection of ice, dust, and rock with very long narrow eclipse

43

What is the outer layer called of a comet when it gets close to the sun?

The coma

44

What is the inner core of a comet called?

the nucleus

45

How long can a comets tail be?

It can be more than 100 millions km long

46

Asteroids

Rocky objects too small to be considered dwarf planets

47

How small are asteroids?

They are less than a km in diameter

48

What are the biggest asteroids?

Ceres, Pallas, Vesta, and Hygiea

49

Which of Jupiter's moons is covered with ice and might have liquid water below the ice, which has potential for life?

Europa

50

Meteoroids

Chunks of rock or metal smaller than asteroids

51

Meteor

when a meteoroid enters Earth’s atmosphere and burns up, creating what we call shooting stars

52

Meteorites

when a meteoroid pass through Earth’s atmosphere and are found on it’s surface, often leaving craters much larger than its actual size

53

When did the Great Space Race happen?

1957-1970s

54

When did Russia first launch sputnik 1?

it was launched in 1957

55

What was Us first satellite called?

Explorer 1

56

When was Explorer 1 launched?

1958

57

What does NASA stand for?

National Aeronautics and space administration

58

When was NASA created?

It was created in 1958

59

What did NASA do?

It brought together talented scientists and engineers to solve the technical problems of space flight

60

Who was the first person in space?

Yuri Gagarin

61

When was Yuri Gagarin sent into space?

He was sent in 1961

62

Who was the first American to go into space but did not orbit the Earth?

Alan Shepard

63

When was Alan Shepard sent into space?

A month after Russia sent their first man into space

64

Who was the first American to orbit the Earth, which he did it 3 times.

John Glenn

65

When was John Glenn sent into space?

In 1962

66

When was the Apollo program created and who created it?

It was created in 1961 and John F. Kennedy launched it

67

Who were the first men on the moon?

Neil Armstrong and Buzz Aldrin

68

When did the first man on the moon arrive?

July 20, 1969

69

What spacecraft did they enter ty moon on?

Eagle

70

How many lunar samples did astronauts collect?

382 lunar samples

71

Who studied the lunar samples?

Andrea B. Mosie

72

What agency launched an unpioloted space craft, when, and why did they do it?

The European Space Agency launched the space craft in 2003 to collect data for a lunar map.

73

Space Shuttles

a space craft that could carry a crew into space, return to earth, and could be used again

74

What are space stations used for?

Long term observations and experiments

75

What are space probes used for?

To collect data about the solar system and send it back to earth

76

When did Dr. Ellen Ochoa join NASA?

She joined in 1991

77

How many space hours did Dr. Ellen Ochoa log in?

She logged in more than 900 hours in space

78

What did Dr. Ellen Ochoa invent?

She invented 3 systems that collect information from images using optical devices

79

Vacuum

a place that is empty of all matter except for a few atoms and molecules

80

DSN (Deep Space Network)

collection of powerful antennas that command, track and monitor space crafts at a long distance

81

At DSN how many feet are their large antennas?

About 230 feet

82

Galaxies

made of stars, planets, and dust clouds that are bound together by gravity

83

How much stars can a large galaxy hold?

About a trillion stars

84

How many stars can a small galaxy hold?

About a few thousand stars

85

Clusters

a group of thousands of galaxies

86

supercluster

group of clusters with no mutual galaxy

87

How many light years across is the Milky Way?

100,000 light years across

88

Local group

group of approximately 59 other galaxies including the Milky Way

89

Supernova

death/explosion of a giant star

90

Explanet

any planet outside our solar system

91

rogue Planet

a planet that does not orbit a star

92

What is the closest exoplanet to us!

Proxima Centaurib