State
legitimate user of physical violence
Global Governance
defined as "theformal and informal arrangements that produce a degree of order and collective action above the state in the absence of a global government,"
United Nations
leading organization for international cooperation, peace, and security, with the unique authority to use force against aggressors.
UN
a membership-directed organization and the members are all states.
The four main goals of UN are:
To promote peace and security. Protect human rights.Foster social and economic progress. Promote friendly relations between countries
Where and when did the UN Charter was signed
on June 26, 1945in San Francisco.
The UN Charter organs are
Economic and Social Council. Trusteeship Council. The International Court of Justice. Security Council. General Assembly. Secretariat (Article 7, Chapter III).
Economic and Social Council's (ECOSOC)
primary objective is to advance the economic, social and environmental dimensions of sustainable development.
Trusteeship Council
was established as a main organ of the UN (Chapter XIII) to provide international supervision of Trust Territoriesthat are under the administration of seven member-states
International Court of Justice
United Nation's principal judicial organ
International Court of Justice
Its role is to settle legal disputes between states (contentious cases) and to provide advisory opinions on legal questions referred by the UN organs and specialized agencies
SECURITY COUNCIL (SC)
THE MOST POTENT ORGAN WITH THE POWER TO MAKE LEGALLY BINDING RESOLUTIONS. IT IS COMPRISED OF THE STRONGEST MILITARY STATES AND IS A CONCRETE MANIFESTATION OF THE REALITY OF POWER DYNAMICS.
SECURITY COUNCIL
COMPOSED OF 15 MEMBERS, AMONG THEM WOULD BE THE FIVE STATES WHICH ARE GRANTED PERMANENT SEATS BY THE UN CHARTER (CHAPTER V). THE FIVE PERMANENT MEMBERS (PM), ALSO KNOWN AS THE PERMANENT FIVE OR P-5, ARE CHINA, FRANCE, GREAT BRITAIN, RUSSIA, AND THE UNITED STATES ALL OF WHICH ARE ALLIES IN THE SECOND WORLD WAR AND ARE NUCLEAR STATES.
NON-PERMANENT MEMBERS (NPM)
ELECTED BY THE GENERAL ASSEMBLY (GA) FOR OVERLAPPING TWO-YEAR TERMS. THE TEN NON-PERMANENT SEATS ARE DIVIDED AMONG REGIONS: FIVE STATES FROM AFRICAN AND ASIAN
General Assembly (GA)
Its the UN's only body with universal representation (all 193 member states).
General Assembly
It discusses various international issues and makes recommendations, using a simple majority vote for most decisions and a two-thirds majority for key issues (peace & security, budget, new members)
Secretariat
the United Nations is the administrative arm of the UN.
Secretariat
It carries out the day-to-day work of the Organization as directed by the other principal organs (General Assembly, Security Council, ECOSOC, etc.). It's headed by the Secretary-General and comprises a large staff of international civil servants.