Lens
Vital part of a camera. Light enters through the lens. Photo process begins. Can be fixed permanently or interchangeable.
Viewfinder
The area on the camera that you look through in order to compose your shot. Not intended as a preview of your photo but rather a tool to aid you in taking it.
Mode Dial
Allows you to select different options, such as automatic mode, program mode, sport mode, or macro mode.
Body
The main part of the camera.
Shutter Release
The button on the camera that is used to snap the picture. It opens and closes the shutter, allowing the necessary light and information to enter the camera.
Aperture
Affects the images exposure by changing the diameter of the lens opening, which controls the amount of light reaching the image sensor.
Image Sensor
Converts the optical image to an electric signal which is then sent to your memory card.
LCD Screen
Found on the back of the body and can vary in size. On DSLRs. the ICD is mainly for viewing photos after shooting.
Flash
On-board flash. Provides a bit of extra lighting during dim, low-light situations.
Focus Ring
A ring typically found on the lens that allows manual control of the camera's focus
Exposure Compensation Button
For controlling the aperture, you need to hold down this button. If not in manual mode, this button allows you to adjust exposure comprehension. Make the image brighter or darker while still letting the camera make its own decisions about which settings to use.
Flash Button
This button will trigger the pop-up flash. "Lightening Bolt" symbol.
Lens Release Button
Press this button to unlock the lens mount and detach the lens by rotating it.