The vast, integrated, continental U.S. market greatly enhanced the American inclination toward
a. selling goods far away from their point of manufacture.
b. specialized goods produced by skilled labor.
c. government certification and regulation of consumer products.
d. mass manufacturing of standardized industrial products.
e. importing raw materials from overseas.
d
One of the major reasons the Knights of Labor failed was its
a. racial exclusiveness.
b. support of skilled workers.
c.
failure to admit women to its ranks.
d. abandonment of the
concept of independent producers.
e. lack of class consciousness.
e
The two industries that the transcontinental railroads most significantly expanded were
a. textiles and shoemaking.
b. mining and agriculture.
c.
banking and real estate.
d. shipping and fishing.
e.
electricity and telecommunications.
b
Match each entrepreneur below with the field of enterprise with which he is historically identified.
A. Andrew Carnegie
1- interlocking directorate
B. John D. Rockefeller
2- trust
C. J. Pierpont Morgan
3- vertical integration
a. A-2, B-4, C-1
b. A-3, B-2, C-4
c. A-3, B-2, C-1
d.
A-1, B-2, C-4, D-3
e. A-4, B-1, C-3
d
One group, barred from membership in the Knights of Labor, was
a. African Americans.
b. nonproducers.
c. women.
d.
Irish.
e. social reformers.
b
Although they were commonly called "Social Darwinists," advocates of economic, national, or racial "survival of the fittest" ideas actually drew less on biologist Charles Darwin than on
a. British laissez-faire economists like Thomas Malthus and David
Ricardo.
b. German philosophers like G.W.F. Hegel and Friedrich
Nietzsche.
c. American literary figures like Jack London and
Theodore Dreiser.
d. European scientists like Gregor Mendel and
Louis Pasteur.
e. racist theorists like Arthur Gobineau and
Houston Stewart Chamberlain.
a
The "Gospel of Wealth" endorsed by Andrew Carnegie
a. based its theology on the teachings of Jesus.
b. held that
the wealthy should display moral responsibility in the use of their
God-given money.
c. stimulated efforts to help
minorities.
d. was opposed by most late nineteenth-century
clergymen.
e. asserted that the more people prayed, the better
off they would become.
b
The Sherman Anti-Trust Act prohibited
a. companies from signing contracts without competitive
bidding.
b. the federal government from favoring one business
corporation over another.
c. the same corporation from doing
business under different names.
d. private corporations or
organizations from engaging in "combinations in restraint of
trade."
e. competing companies from having interlocking
corporate boards of directors.
d
By 1900, American attitudes toward labor began to change as the public came to recognize the right of workers to bargain collectively and strike. Nevertheless
a. labor unions continued to decline in membership.
b. the
American Federation of Labor failed to take advantage of the
situation.
c. the vast majority of employers continued to fight
organized labor.
d. Congress declared the AFL illegal.
e.
workers began to turn to the Socialist party.
c
The image of the "Gibson Girl" represented a(n)
a. revival of the early American feminine ideal of republican
motherhood.
b. portrayal of the modern corporate
businesswoman.
c. exploitative image of the woman as a sex
object.
d. romantic ideal of the independent and athletic new
woman.
e. sentimental image of a woman as mother.
d