Jury
a group of citizens who hear evidence during a trial and give a verdict
defendent
the person against whom a civil or criminal suit is brought in court
prosecutor
an attorney who represents the government in in a criminal cause
Plaintiff
in civil trial, the person who brings suit in court
criminal trial court
hears cases about crimes like burglary, murder, or driving under the influence of alcohol or drugs- Gurl+ → Jail
Civil trial court
hears cases where one person or group should pay for causing harm. Liable → #money/land/property
Judicial review
the power of the Supreme Court to debate as an action of local.
State, or national governments unconstitutional
Public defenders
an attorney who works for the state and defends people who cannot afford a private attorney
Plea bargain
agreement thereby a defendant pleads guilty to
a lesser crime
than the one with which a defendant was originally charged and in
return the government agrees not to prosecute the defendant for the
more serious crime
Lessen punishment backed up in court system,
more quickly, money & time- attorney
Majority opinion
states the decision of the court
Dissenting opinion
a document issueò by judges who disagree with the majority opinion
Concurring opinion
a decision issued by judges who agree with the
majority
opinion, but for different reasons than those used to support the
majority opinion
Precedent
a legal principle created by an appellate court decision
that
lover court judges must follow when deciding
Similar cases
Original jurisdiction
the authority of a trial court to be the first to hear a case
Appellate jurisdiction
authority held by a court to hear a case that a lower court appeals
Burden of proof
party's obligation to prove they are correct
charge,
allegation, or defense
Standard of proof
The amount of evidence necessary to prove
an assertion or claim
in a trial/production case
Demographic information
Racial- The racial doesn't matter
education- need to have gone to law school and have experience
religion- Doesn't matter the religion
job experience- a lot of experience and a lot of law cases.
gender- 6 female judges and currently 4.
age - Justice is appointed for life
4 legal Principles
presumptions of innocence - innocent until proven guilty.
Equal justice under the law- Fair and impartial treatment for all. No discrimination.
Due process of law - Fair legal proceedings
Adversarial System - Contest between prosecution and defense.
Supreme court Judge decision
The president nominates supreme court justice. The Senate judiciary committee holds a hearing. The committee votes. The full Senate votes. A majority confirms the nominee. The nominee is appointed. They take their oath of office and begin to service.