Sociology 4 Flashcards

In which of the following stages of the juvenile justice process would constitutional guarantees pertaining to the right to counsel come into play?

police investigations

correctional decisions

courts

arrest

Release from custody pending trial after payment of a court-ordered sum is known as ______.

arrest

detention

petition

bail

Some states allow for both the prosecuting attorney and the guardian ad litem to present separate cases with the guardian ad litem presenting evidence that demonstrates the best interest of the child.

True

False

The ______ hearing is used to determine the final sentence of the case.

adjudicatory

preliminary

dispositional

petition

Weekends and holidays typically do not count in the statutory requirement for 24-, 48-, or 72-hour release, filing of the petition, and the detention hearing.

True

False

The stage of questioning a juvenile after taking them into custody is referred to as

interrogation

petition

incarceration

detention

The Uniform Juvenile Court Act provides that all parties to juvenile court proceedings are entitled to representation by counsel

True

False

The requirement of reasonable notice of the hearing, the right to counsel, and the right to remain silent are part of which of the following?

parens patriae

due process

the interrogation

arrest

Juveniles taken into custody may either be detained or released to the custody of their parents

True

False

It is not necessary for a juvenile to be given a Miranda warning during interrogation

True

False

All rights guaranteed to adults are shared by juveniles

True

False

According to the Uniform Juvenile Court Act, which of the following children should be held in detention rather than taken to his or her parents?

a group of teenagers drinking at a party

one who is out past curfew

a child who is skipping school

a juvenile suspected of armed robbery

Typically any statement made by a juvenile, unless advised by counsel, cannot be used in court. The one exception to this is in which of the following types of cases?

status offenses

murder

abuse and neglect

drug possession

A confession obtained from a juvenile without safeguards typically is considered

acceptable

invalid

admissible

appropriate

Which statement is true of shelter care facilities for juveniles

They are physically unrestrictive.

They are for youth who are homeless.

They are facilities for adults and children.

They are similar to jails or prisons

Who decides to hold or release a child who has been brought to a detention center?

parents

prosecutor

judge

intake officer

It is more difficult to establish guilt beyond a reasonable doubt than to determine fault based on a preponderance of evidence

True

False

In which of the following cases would a juvenile most likely be given a summons rather than taken in without a warrant, assuming there is no imminent danger?

assault and battery

drug use

criminal mischief

truancy

In re Gault guarantees juveniles a number of basic rights at which stage of the juvenile justice process

adjudication

disposition

petition

arrest

Informal adjustment is typically discouraged in juvenile court

True

False

Juveniles in the United States are guaranteed a number of basic rights as a result of which court case?

In re Gault

McKeiver v. Pennsylvania

In re Winship

Kent v. United States

A confession made by a juvenile can be used in court even if it is not supported by other evidence

True

false

While in custody, juvenile rights are similar to adult rights with respect to interrogation.

True

False

Which of the following juveniles would likely be housed at a shelter care facility?

Jenny, a youth who is homeless

Bobby, suspected of rape

Carter, a runaway

Cassidy, a child who has been sex trafficked

Which of the following court cases used the voluntariness test to determine the admissibility of statements made by juveniles to the police?

McKeiver v. Pennsylvania

In re Gault

In re Winship

Gallegos v. Colorado

The Uniform Juvenile Court Act allows for detention in a local jail only if a detention center for delinquent children is unavailable

True

False

Which of the following cases determined that juveniles are not generally guaranteed the right to a trial by jury?

In re Winship

McKeiver v. Pennsylvania

Kent v. United States

In re Gault

The jurisdictional scope of the juvenile courts can be described as

undefined

narrow

broad

singular

Parens patriae concerns for protecting minors would apply to which of the following situations

robbery

assault

drug sales

runaways

Who is a petition filed with

prosecutor

police judge

defense

attorney

In order to determine whether a child should be held or released after taken into custody a(n) ______ hearing is held.

adjudicatory

detention

petition

dispositional

A social background investigation is the responsibility of which of the following parties?

judge

probation officer

defense counsel

prosecutor

The quality of representation in the juvenile court today is ______.

poor

fine

exceptional

good

One of the major concerns with disposing a case through a plea bargain rather than an adjudicatory hearing is ______.

the judge has too much input

witness do not get to testify

the defendant receives a harsher punishment

the victim does not feel justice is served

Caseworkers from children and family services are involved in assisting the children involved in court proceedings and in formulating plans to provide services or treatment to both the children and families in which types of cases?

status offense

cases of suspected abuse

delinquency

cases where allegations of abuse are true

In a juvenile case, the defense counsel represents which of the following individuals?

victim

judge

prosecutor

accused

CASA volunteers usually have legal training.

True

False

Probation officers have the power to request a revocation of probation if violation of the conditions of probation occur.

True

False

The process by which the nature of the charges, the plea, and the punishment are negotiated and agreed on before the defendant actually enters the courtroom is known as a(n) ______.

dispositional hearing

adjudicatory hearing

petition

plea bargain

Why might a college degree be required for those in probation and social service positions?

It allows for those working in these fields to be well informed.

It allows for these individuals to tutor their clients.

It is required for all individuals working in the legal field.

It meets in-service training requirements.

Making sure the client is properly represented at all stages of the system, that the client’s rights are not violated, and that the client’s case is presented in the most favorable light possible is the job of which individual?

prosecutor

judge

defense attorney

probation officer

Child abuse and neglect investigations involve interviews with the alleged victim and person who is incarcerated and an evaluation of risk factors in the child’s environment.

True

False

Who helps to support those who are harmed by crimes?

victim advocates

police officers

probation officers

judges

Judicial assignment to the juvenile court is not often considered to be a highly desired position.

True

False

Child protective services is also known as children and family services.

True

False

The ______ is the “champion” of the state.

probation officer

defense attorney

judge

prosecutor

Who makes the final determination as to a juvenile being adjudicated delinquent?

judge

prosecutor

defense counsel

probation officers

Jacob was taken into custody after being apprehended outside his school late at night. The school had been broken into and classrooms had been ransacked. He is charged with breaking and entering and destruction of government property which carry the potential for significant penalties including time served in a juvenile facility. As Jacob has had no previous contact with law enforcement, the prosecutor agrees to reduce the charges, and penalties will include community service, restitution to pay for the damages caused and a period of probation. After discussion with his defense counsel Jacob agrees to the conditions. This scenario is an example of which of the following?

plea bargain

motion to change jurisdiction

waiver

petition

The final decision about whether a juvenile case will be heard in juvenile court is up to which individual?

defense attorney

judge

juvenile probation officer

prosecutor

A judge who is characterized as a “lawgiver” judge would be most likely to do which of the following

base dispositional decisions on statutory requirements

use a judicial continuance of supervision in cases

attempt to make decisions based on the best interest of the juvenile

consider the personal characteristics of the defendant during disposition

Given that many delinquency and abuse and neglect cases are settled by plea bargain, it is clear that the justice system is an adversarial one

True

False

The person who is harmed during an offense is known as the

person who is incarcerated

juvenile

victim

probation officer

Holding bench hearings, settling questions concerning evidence and procedure, guiding the questioning of witnesses, and making decisions about the disposition of a juvenile are all responsibilities of which individual?

judge

defense counsel

probation officer

prosecutor

Once the prosecutor decides whether to move forward with a case, their involvement in the case is complete

True

False

Which of the following circumstances make successfully prosecuting a case difficult

multiple victims

lack of evidence

having an eyewitness

a juvenile defendant

Which of the following types of judges is concerned primarily that all procedural requirements are fulfilled?

due process

parens patriae

lawgiver

parent figure

Prosecutors make decisions without any controls on their discretionary power.

True

False

Victim advocate programs started in the juvenile court

True

false

Representatives from the department of children and family services are part of the juvenile court personnel in which of the following cases?

status offenses

violent offenses

drug crimes

abuse and neglect

Match the benefit of a plea bargain to the parts of the juvenile justice system.

obtains an adjudication of delinquency:

reduce the charges and penalty against the client:

saved time and money:

receives reduced charges and less severe sentence :

prosecutor

Defense counsel

Court system

Juvenile

In what way is the Juvenile and Family Court Journal beneficial to practitioners

It keeps them informed of current events and research in the field.

It increases staff chances of promotion.

It provides information toward earning a college degree.

It offers training

Juvenile court has widely adopted which of the following policies to focus on the victim in juvenile court dispositions?

due process

rehabilitative

restorative

retributive