Science Vocab A-D Flashcards

Any change in the speed or direction of motion of an object.

A substance with a pH less than 7.0 that releases hydrogen ions in a water solution; for example, vinegar.

Rain that is highly acidic because of sulfur oxides, nitrogen oxides, and other air pollutants dissolved into it; can damage plant and animal life.

The energy needed to enable a chemical reaction to take place.

A process that helps an organism survive and function in its environment.

Being satisfactory; being sufficient for a job.

The changes that bring about the decline of an organism.

A large body of air that has the same moisture and temperature throughout.

The weight of the atmosphere.

Friction caused by air.

The tube that makes up the digestive canal.

A different form of a gene.

A radioactive particle made up of two protons and two neutrons bound tightly together.

A current in which the electrons flow first in one direction and then in the opposite direction.

Small air sacs in the lungs at the end of the bronchioles where oxygen passes in the blood and carbon dioxide is released from the blood.

The building blocks of proteins.

A procedure that is used to examine fetal cells to identify certain types of genetic disorders present in a fetus.

A covering that protects and nourishes a developing embryo.

The distance between the rest position and crest of a wave.

Substances produced by the body's immune system that fight diseases.

A protein on the surface of a pathogen.

A large artery that carries oxygen-rich blood from the heart to other parts of the body.

Taking information learned one set of circumstances and using it in another situation.

A blood vessel that carries blood away from the heart.

A method of reproduction in which an organism is produced from a single cell.

To determine the importance, adequacy, or significance of something.

A belief that something is true without checking its validity.

A small celestial body, sometimes called a minor planet, that revolves around the sun.

The study of all celestial bodies in the universe.

The layers of gases that surround the Earth.

The smallest particle of an element that can exist alone.

The sum of protons and neutrons in the nuclease of an atom.

The number of protons in the atom.

A compound in which energy is stored for later use in a cell.

One of the upper chambers of the heart (plural, atria)

The imaginary line running through Earth's center from the North Pole from the South Pole on which the planet rotates.

A segmented column of bones.

A one-celled organism that has DNA.

A chemical equation in which the same number of each type of atom appears on both sides.

A substance with a pH greater than 7.0 that releases hydroxide ions in a water solution; for example, milk of magnesia.

An organism's actions or reactions to its environment.

An electron emitted from the nuclease of a radioactive atom.

Anything that sways an experiment's results in a way that makes them inaccurate.

The idea that the universe began with an explosion of a dense, hot, compact mass under extreme pressure.

A method of reproduction in which a cell divides into two new cells.

Organic materials that naturally decompose.

A healthy variety of plant and animal species coexisting in an environment and making the environment more stable.

The principle that living things only come from living things.

An internal control of natural behavioral cycles.

A fundamental property that is common to all living organisms.

The study of all living things.

The total mass of the living organisms in a particular place.

The collapsed leftovers of a supernova.

A massive, hot star that uses up its hydrogen quickly, expands, and turs into a giant or supergiant

The temperature at which a liquid turns into a gas.

Force-carrying subatomic particles.

The study of plants.

The part of the human brain that controls automatic functions such as breathing and heartbeat.

The two tubes that lead from the trachea into each of the lungs.

Tubes branching off the bronchi in the lungs and ending in alveoli.

The part of a plant where the new growth takes place.

A measure of energy.

A coloring pattern that enables an animal to blend into their surroundings and not be seen by predators.

Very small blood vessels.

The main source of food energy.

A process that keeps the carbon on Earth in balance.

The continuous circulation of carbon and oxygen through the biosphere primarily through the processes of photosynthesis, respiration, and decomposition.

An animal that eats other animals.

The maximum population an ecosystem can support without losing resources.

A tough, flexible material that covers bones and joints.

A substance that provides a faster mechanism by which a reaction may take place.

Something that makes something else (an effect) happen.

Something that can make something else (a cause) happen results in another (an effect).

The smallest unit of life that can exist independently and that makes up all living organisms.

The process of division of a cell into new identical cells.

The soft, flexible covering that holds a cell together and separates it from other cells.

The process in which the cells of an organism develop in different shapes, structures, and functions.

A tough, flexible covering that surrounds the cell membrane of a plant cell.

The chemical process requiring oxygen by which living things convert food to energy.

The part of the brain , which controls movement, coordination, and balance; located below the cerebrum at the base of the skull.

The largest part of the human brain, which coordinates all higher functions such as perception, thinking, and conscious actually.

A reaction in which nuclei are split apart in a controlled way, resulting in a great quantity of nuclear energy.

A shorthand way of showing which elements are contained in a molecule.

A visual representation of data.

The process though which atoms are combined.

A change that produces a new substance.

A shorthand way of describing what happens in a chemical reaction.

The process in which two or more substances combine to form one or more substances.

Process that changes the composition of the rocks and occurs through chemical reactions.

The green substance in a plant cell that is used to capture light energy.

An organelle in a plant cell that contains chlorophyll.

The part of a cell's nucleus that contains genetic information.

A structure in a cell that contains DNA.

A biological clock that controls daily activity.

A form of faulty logic which a conclusion is supported by reasons that simply restate the conclusion.

the system, consisting of the heart, blood vessels, and the blood, that carries nutrients and oxygen to the body's tissues removes carbon dioxide and waste products.

Average weather conditions in a particular region over a long period of time.

The process of creating a genetically identical replica of an organism.

The theory that the universe at some future time will begin to contract and collapse into its original state as a solar nebula.

A solid fossil fuel.

A combination of three bases.

A number added to the reactants and the products to balance a chemical equation.

A classification of an organism that cannot control its own body temperature.

A mixture in which fine particles are spread out throughout a second substance; for example, foam.

When two or more moving objects run into one another.

A small object made of dust and frozen gas that orbits in a predictable path around the sun.

A relationship that benefits organism, while the other is neither harmed nor helped.

An individual in a species history to which all individuals in that species can be traced.

To identify how things are alike.

a type of metamorphosis that takes place in four stages.

Two or more simple machines put together.

The use of natural biological processes to aid in the decomposition of organic materials.

A group of molecules that each contain the atoms of two or more elements.

When a solution contains a large amount of solute.

A logical result or generalization.

The change of a of a gas into a liquid.

To change from gas to a liquid; for example, from steam to water.

Transfer of heat through direct contact.

A substance through which electric current flows easily.

The controlled use and preservation of natural resources.

The tendency for things to remain unchanged.

A pattern of stars in the sky that humans have observed and named.

An organism that must eat other organisms to obtain energy.

Substances that harm the environment.

The situation within which something is said or done.

The movements of continents.

A decrease in size of a substance due to its atoms moving closer together, often caused by a decrease in temperature.

To identify how things are different.

A factor that is kept the same or constant during an experiment.

The movement of heat through a liquid or gas.

Currents of molten rock the mantle that carry much of the heat to Earth's surface.

The idea that the Sun is at the center of the solar system

The center of the Earth.

The apparent change in motion of wind and water on Earth's surface due to rotation.

A bond in which electrons are shared by the bonded atoms of the molecule.

The high point of a wave.

The outermost layer of Earth.

The exterior layer of Earth's crust (surface); also called tectonic plates

A large movement of water.

In a cell, the jellylike matter that surrounds the nucleus and contains cell structures (called organelles) that carry out the cell's activities.

Information gathered during an experiment or investigation.

The cells produced as a result of cell division, each identical to the parent cell.

An organism that feed off the dead bodies of a once-living organism.

A branching fiber on a nerve cell the receives messages from another nerve cell.

The process by which certain bacteria in the soil change nitrates into gaseous nitrogen, returning it to the air.

A measure of mass in relation to volume.

A factor is changed in response to the independent variable during an experiment.

A picture or an illustration that shows information.

The process in which a waves spread out into a region behind or around a barrier.

Movement of a substance from a region of higher concentration to a region of lower concentration.

The breaking down of food into nutrients that the body's cells can use.

The system of the body that breaks down food into nutrients the body can use and expels leftover wastes.

A solution with the small amount of solute.

Electric current that moves in one direction only.

To become part of a solution.

A process for separating liquids that have different boiling points.

The molecules that contains hereditary information and controls the activities of each cell; found in the chromosomes.

An allele for which the phenotype will always be present.

One gene in a pair that determines the effect of the gene pair.

A trait that will appear in an offspring if one parent contributes it; dominant traits suppress recessive traits.

An investigation in which neither the researchers nor the patients know who is receiving placebos.

The force slowing or stopping the movement of an object through a gas or liquid.

Expressing unstated ideas that are logically connected to give information.