In the postwar South
a.
the economy and social structure was utterly devastated.
b.
the emancipation of slaves had surprisingly little economic consequence.
c.
the much-feared inflation never materialized.
d.
industry and transportation were damaged, but Southern agriculture continued to flourish.
e.
poorer whites benefited from the end of plantation slavery.
A
At the end of the Civil War, many white Southerners
a.
reluctantly supported the federal government.
b.
were ready to plan a future uprising against the United States.
c.
declared themselves citizens of their states but not of the United States.
d.
asked for pardons so that they could once again hold political office and vote.
e.
still believed that their view of secession was correct and their cause was just.
E
Freedom for Southern blacks at the end of the Civil War
a.
occurred immediately with the Emancipation Proclamation.
b.
caused large numbers to migrate to the big cities in the North.
c.
came haltingly and unevenly in different parts of the conquered Confederacy.
d.
was achieved without the use of Union soldiers.
e.
was a source of considerable anxiety.
C
The Freedmen's Bureau was established to do all of the following except
a.
act as a kind of welfare agency.
b.
provide food, clothing, and medical care to slave refugees.
c.
settle former slaves with forty-acre tracts confiscated from Confederates.
d.
relocate blacks West or force them into labor contracts with former masters.
e.
provide education that would help close the gap between blacks and whites.
D
The white South viewed the Freedmen's Bureau as
a.
a meddlesome federal agency that threatened to upset white racial dominance.
b.
an agency acceptable only because it also helped poor whites.
c.
a valued partner in rebuilding the South.
d.
more helpful in the North than the South.
e.
a threat to state social service agencies.
A
Radical congressional Reconstruction of the South finally ended when
a.
the South accepted the Thirteenth, Fourteenth, and Fifteenth Amendments.
b.
the last federal troops were removed in 1877.
c.
President Johnson was not reelected in 1868.
d.
the Supreme Court ruled in Ex parte Milligan that military tribunals could not try civilians.
e.
blacks showed they could defend their rights without federal intervention.
B
In his 10 percent plan for Reconstruction, President Lincoln promised
a.
rapid readmission of Southern states into the Union.
b.
former slaves the right to vote.
c.
the restoration of the planter aristocracy to political power.
d.
severe punishment of Southern political and military leaders.
e.
a plan to allow 10 percent of blacks to vote.
A
President Johnson's plan for Reconstruction
a.
differed radically from Lincoln's.
b.
guaranteed former slaves the right to vote.
c.
required that all former Confederate states ratify the Fourteenth Amendment.
d.
established literacy tests for voting in the South.
e.
aimed at swift restoration of the southern states after a few basic conditions were met.
E
Multiple Choice
As part of their Reconstruction plan, radical Republicans originally expected to
a.
secure civil rights for freed slaves.
b.
punish the planter aristocracy.
c.
restructure Southern society.
d.
have President Johnson on their side.
e.
use federal power to aid blacks.
ABCDE
Multiple Choice
Most radical Reconstruction regimes in the South
a.
expanded the legal rights of women.
b.
established public-school systems.
c.
were controlled by freed slaves.
d.
were troubled by graft and corruption.
e.
refused to permit southern whites to hold office.
ABD
For congressional Republicans, one of the most troubling aspects of the Southern states' quick restoration to the Union was that
a.
with the black population fully counted, the South would be stronger than ever in national politics.
b.
pro-Union southern politicians would be weak and inexperienced.
c.
the majority white South might be represented by black Congressmen.
d.
a high tariff might be reinstituted.
e.
slavery might be re-established.
A
The Fourteenth Amendment guaranteed
a.
citizenship and civil rights to freed slaves.
b.
land for former slaves.
c.
voting rights for former Confederates who had previously served in the U.S. Army.
d.
freed slaves the right to vote.
e.
education to former slaves
A
The Fourteenth Amendment
a.
required former Confederate states to pay their war debts.
b.
prohibited ex-Confederate leaders from holding public office.
c.
guaranteed freed slaves the right to vote.
d.
met all the demands of the radical Republicans.
e.
made women as well as blacks U.S. citizens.
B
The last of the Reconstruction era amendments to pass was the
a.
Twelfth.
b.
Thirteenth.
c.
Fourteenth.
d.
Fifteenth.
e.
Eighteenth.
D
Many feminist leaders were deeply disappointed with the Fourteenth and Fifteenth Amendments because they
a.
gave black women but not white women the right to vote.
b.
failed to give women the right to serve on juries.
c.
contained restrictions on ex-Confederates but not on male supremacists.
d.
failed to define what constituted equal national citizenship.
e.
gave equal rights to African American males but not to women.
E
The Fourteenth Amendment
a.
required former Confederate states to pay their war debts.
b.
prohibited ex-Confederate leaders from holding public office.
c.
guaranteed freed slaves the right to vote.
d.
met all the demands of the radical Republicans.
e.
made women as well as blacks U.S. citizens.
B
Radical Reconstruction state governments
a.
did little of value.
b.
passed much desirable legislation and badly needed reforms.
c.
were more corrupt than Northern state governments.
d.
had all of their reforms repealed by the all-white "redeemer governments."
e.
failed to address the issue of education.
B
In the 1866 congressional elections
a.
President Johnson conducted a highly successful "swing around the circle" campaign tour promoting his policies.
b.
radicals replaced moderates as the dominant Republican faction in Congress.
c.
voters endorsed the congressional approach to Reconstruction.
d.
Republicans lost their majority control of Congress.
e.
a substantial number of white southern Republicans were elected to Congress.
C
Multiple Choice:
Congressional Reconstruction hoped to provide basic rights and protection for the former slaves in the South through the
a.
Military Reconstruction Act.
b.
Tenure of Office Act.
c.
Freedmen's Bureau Act.
d.
Fourteenth Amendment.
e.
Force Acts.
ACDE
The incident that caused the clash between Congress and President Johnson to explode into the open was
a.
passage of the Thirteenth Amendment.
b.
the creation of the sharecropping system.
c.
the attempt to pass the Fourteenth Amendment.
d.
the South's regaining control of the Senate.
e.
Johnson's veto of the bill to extend the Freedmen's Bureau.
E
At the end of Reconstruction, Southern whites disenfranchised African Americans using
a.
literacy requirements.
b.
poll taxes.
c.
economic intimidation.
d.
lynching
e.
All of these
E
In his 10 percent plan for Reconstruction, President Lincoln promised
a.
rapid readmission of Southern states into the Union.
b.
former slaves the right to vote.
c.
the restoration of the planter aristocracy to political power.
d.
severe punishment of Southern political and military leaders.
e.
a plan to allow 10 percent of blacks to vote.
A
President Johnson's plan for Reconstruction
a.
differed radically from Lincoln's.
b.
guaranteed former slaves the right to vote.
c.
required that all former Confederate states ratify the Fourteenth Amendment.
d.
established literacy tests for voting in the South.
e.
aimed at swift restoration of the southern states after a few basic conditions were met.
E
Which of these is not a true statement about women's rights activists during the Civil War and Reconstruction eras?
a.
Female activists saw the struggle for black freedom and women's rights as one in the same.
b.
During the war, many women's rights leaders worked for black emancipation first and foremost.
c.
The Woman's Loyal League collected 400,000 signatures supporting a constitutional amendment ending slavery.
d.
Women's rights activists campaigned in support of the Thirteenth, Fourteenth and Fifteenth amendments.
e.
Elizabeth Cady Stanton and Susan B. Anthony sought to have the word "sex" added to the Fifteenth Amendment.
D
During Reconstruction, African American women assumed new political roles, which included all of the following except
a.
participating in black church life.
b.
monitoring state constitutional conventions.
c.
participating in political rallies.
d.
organizing mass meetings.
e.
voting.
E
Which one of the following is least related to the other four?
a.
Scalawags
b.
Ku Klux Klan
c.
Carpetbaggers
d.
Freedmen
e.
Union League
B
In 1867, Secretary of State Seward achieved the Johnson administration's greatest success in foreign relations when he
a.
commissioned the building of an all-new ironclad navy.
b.
recognized the independent republic of Hawaii.
c.
purchased Alaska from Russia.
d.
acquired the former Dominican Republic as an American territory.
e.
established friendly relations with the newly independent Dominion of Canada.
C
Both moderate and radical Republicans agreed that
a.
federal power must be used to bring about a social and economic revolution in the South.
b.
blacks should be the foundation of the southern Republican party.
c.
the federal government must become involved in the individual lives of American citizens.
d.
Southern states should quickly be readmitted into the Union.
e.
freed slaves must be granted the right to vote.
E
The major problem in the 1876 presidential election centered on
a.
who would be Speaker of the House.
b.
the two sets of election returns submitted by Florida, South Carolina, and Louisiana.
c.
Samuel Tilden's association with corrupt politicians.
d.
President Grant's campaign for a third term.
e.
failure to use the secret Australian ballot in some places.
B
In the 1896 case of Plessy v. Ferguson, the Supreme Court ruled that
a.
African Americans could be denied the right to vote.
b.
segregation was unconstitutional.
c.
"separate but equal" facilities were constitutional.
d.
the Fourteenth Amendment did not apply to African Americans.
e.
literacy tests for voting were constitutional.
C
The legal codes that established the system of segregation were
a.
found only in the North.
b.
called Jim Crow laws.
c.
overturned by Plessy v. Ferguson.
d.
undermined by the crop lien system.
e.
passed during Reconstruction.
B
Blacks who violated the Jim Crow laws or other elements of the South's racial code were often subject to
a.
prosecution in federal courts.
b.
ostracizing by their own community.
c.
criticism from both white and black churches.
d.
losing their case in the Supreme Court.
e.
lynching.
E
Public executions and lynchings of black men in the Jim Crow South were
a.
retaliation for violent crimes against whites.
b.
designed to intimidate African Americans to accept second-class status.
c.
done to scare blacks into moving out of the South.
d.
a way to force blacks back into slave-like labor.
e.
All of these
B