Declaration of sentiments
A statement that "all men and women are created equal," and that women no less than men are endowed with certain inalienable rights
Hudson River School
First school painted by American painters sought to capture the power of nature
William Lloyd Garrison
United States abolitionist who published an anti slavery journal; helped lead the successful abolitionist campaign against slavery in the United States
Fredrick Douglas
An abolitionist who was a former slave went across the Northwest, leading African American spokesman for emancipation of slaves before the Civil War
Uncle Tom's Cabin
Harriet Stowe published this, further fanning the political fires between the North and South
49ers
Speculators who went to Northern California following the discovery of gold in 1848, included people from every social class and state, leading to the greatest mass migration in American history
Pottawatomie Massacre
Led to more civil strife in Kansas including more armed bands engaged in guerrilla warfare with some more interested in land claims
Manifest Destiny
19th century doctrine of the expansion of the U.S. throughout the American continents was both justified and inevitable
Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo
Conflict between the United States after the U.S. annexation of Texas
Whiskey Ring
Whiskey distillers bribed Treasury officials to increase profits and evade taxes
Fort Sumter
Federal fort in the harbor of Charleston, South Carolina; the confederate attacked the fort which marked the start of the Civil War
PGT Beauregard
Confederate General who started the Civil War by leading an attack on Fort Sumter
Ironclad
Wooden ships with metal armor that were employed by both sides during the Civil War
Peninsular Campaign
Union General-in-Chief George B. McClellan attempted to capture the Confederate capital at Richmond
Valley Campaign
Confederate Major General Thomas J. "Stonewall" Jackson's 1862 campaign through Virginia during which several minor battles were won
Ulysses S. Grant
An American general and the 18th President of the United States. He achieved international fame as the leading Union general in the American Civil War
Compromise of 1877
Struck during the contested presidential election of 1876, where Democrats accepted the election of Rutherford B. Hayes in exchange for the withdrawal of federal troops from the South and the end of reconstruction
Appomattox
Famous as the site of the surrender of the Confederate Army under Robert E. Lee to Union commander Ulysses S. Grant
Recall the authors discussed who were part of the Romantic Impulse in American literature
Washington Irving, James Fenimore Cooper, Edgar Allan Poe, Ralph Waldo Emerson, Henery David Thoreau, Walt Whitman, Emily Dickenson, and Herman Melville
What was the Transcendentalist movement about and who were some of the main people involved?
Movement that thought essential unity of all creation, the innate goodness of humanity, and the supremacy of insight over logic. Main people involved was Ralph Waldi Emerson, Henery David Thoreau, Margret Fuller, and Amos Bronson Alcott
Recall the names and major details of the Utopian communities
Brook Farm- A communal joint stock company, opened in Massachusetts
Oneida Community- Communal religious organization practicing free love and complex marriage, opened in New York
Valcour Community- Free-love community, established on an island in Lake Champlain
The early feminist movement began in 1848 with what convention? What was it that many of the women had in common, and how did that influence their actions?
The Seneca Falls Convention, that launched the women's suffrage movement. They all had women's suffrage in common
One of the earliest organizations formed to limit and/or eliminate slavery was the American Colonization Society. What was it, and what did it hope to do?
American Colonization Society was used to encourage and support the migration of free African Americans to the west coast of the continent of Africa and was used in hope to relocate African Americans
The difference between abolition and anti-slavery
Abolition focused attention on slavery and made it difficult to ignore, while anti-slavery merely opposed the use of slave labor
What was the personal liberty laws? What else did abolitionists petition Congress for to help diminish slavery?
Pre Civil War laws that were passed to protect escaped slaves and free blacks in the north. They also petitioned more than 130,000 people to ask Congress to end slavery
Was Texas able to join the United States quickly and easily? What territory was brought in with it to maintain the balance between free and slave holding states?
No, it took 6 months before they were annexed, California was added as well to maintain the balance
What was the length of the Oregon Trail, what months was it generally traveled, and why were other times dangerous?
The trail was 2,170 miles long, they would start in late May, it took 5-6 months of traveling. The reason the passage during the Winter was dangerous was because of snow and other factors
What were the terms of the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo?
Mexico seceded 55% of its territory and would recognize the Rio Grande as the new border to the U.S.
What were the first 7 states to secede from the Union after Lincoln won the election of 1860?
Mississippi, Florida, Alabama, Georgia, Louisiana, and Texas
What is the battle at Antietam famous for? What commander lost his position despite a victory at Antietam?
The deadliest one-day battle in American military history. The commander that lost his job was Commander McClellan
What were the details about black soldiers in the Civil War?
179,000 black soldiers fought in the Civil War, almost 40,000 died during the war, 30,000 of which died from infection or disease
Which states did the Emancipation Proclamation apply to? Which states did it not affect?
States affected was South Carolina, Mississippi, Florida, Alabama, Georgia, Louisiana, Texas, Virginia, Arkansas, and North Carolina. States not affected was Maryland, Delaware, Missouri, and Kentucky