Kuomintang (KMT)also referred to as the Guomindang (GMD)
A nationalist party lead by Sun Yat-sen which revolted against the new Chinese republic. Helped topple the Qing dynasty and promoted modernization along Western lines. The party played a significant part in the first Chinese first National Assembly where it was the majority party.
Long March
the 6,000-mile historic trek of the Chinese communists, which resulted in the relocation of the communist revolutionary base from southeastern to northwestern China and in the emergence of Mao Zedong as the undisputed party leader.
Great Leap Forward
economic and social plan used in China from 1958 to 1961 which aimed to use China's vast population to rapidly transform the country from an agrarian economy into a modern industrial society.
Red Guards
The youths who led Mao's Cultural Revolution. They wore red arm bands and carried his book. They terrorized Chinese citizens and determined who went to camps. They were mainly university and high school students.
Cultural Revolution
A political movement initiated by Mao Zedong that lasted from 1966 to 1976. It was a campaign in China ordered by Mao Zedong to purge the Communist Party of his opponents and instill revolutionary values in the younger generation.
Sun Yat-Sen (Yixian)
In 1912, he overthrew the Qing Dyansty. He became president of China and tried to make it a democracy. While communist party was formed, he and his party formed a government in south China
Jiang Jieshi (Chiang Kai-shek)
took control of the Kuomintang Party.
Under Jiang Jieshi, the Kuomintang & Communist defeated several warlords
1927 Jiang Jieshi Turned on the Communists massacring thousands. (threatened his power)
The beginning of a bitter Civil War that lasted 22 years.
Mao Zedong (Mao Tse-tung)
Chinese revolutionary leader of the 20th century. He led the Long March of workers in the 1920 and used guerilla warfare to take over the country. He established the Peoples Republic of China. There were many purges of anyone against communism. Died in 1976
Four Modernizations of Deng Xiaoping
Deng's goals for China, in agriculture, industry, defense, and science & technology, ended communes, farm production increased, people's incomes increased, food production increased
Tienanmen Square
1989 - University students in China protested, wanting freedom of speech and a greater say in govt. China's leader ordered military to slaughter students
one-child-per-family policy
Policy made t control China's population, in which families are only allowed one child. If they insisted on having another they would be harshly taxed. Male gender was preferred
Sun Yat-sen's "3 Principles of the People"
As a revolutionary and nationalist he wanted to strengthen China:
3 Principles of the People (His philosophy to improve China):
Nationalism
Democracy
Livelihood of the people
Communes
a group of people living together and sharing possessions and responsibilities.
Deng Xiaoping
Communist Party leader who forced Chinese economic reforms after the death of Mao Zedong.
humiliation
A feeling of shame or embarrassment
Redistribute
to give something out again or spread it around in a different way
liberate
to free from bondage or domination; to release
Centralize
concentrate under a single authority
Quotas
a fixed share of something that a person or group is entitled to receive or is bound to contribute.
Taiwan
an island in southeastern Asia 100 miles off the coast of mainland China in the South China Sea
"Four Olds"
old ideas, old culture, old customs, old habits
China's family planning program
China's family planning policies have included specific birth quotas (three-child policy, two-child policy, and the one-child policy) as well as harsh enforcement of such quotas. Together, these elements constitute the population planning program of the People's Republic of China.