How do the Taylor Glacier bacteria produce their energy?
A)
photosynthesis
B) heterotrophism
C)
chemoautotrophism
D) thermophobism
E) photoautotrophism
C
In ecosystems, why is the term cycling used to describe material
transfer, whereas the term
flow is used for energy
exchange?
A) Materials are repeatedly used, but energy flows
through and out of ecosystems.
B) Both material and energy are
recycled and are then transferred to other ecosystems as in
a
flow.
C) Materials are cycled into ecosystems from other
ecosystems, but energy constantly flows
within the
ecosystem.
D) Both material and energy flow in a never-ending
stream within an ecosystem.
E) None of the choices is correct.
A
Which statement most accurately describes how matter and energy are
used in ecosystems?
A) Matter flows through ecosystems; energy
cycles within ecosystems.
B) Energy flows through ecosystems;
matter cycles within and through ecosystems.
C) Energy can be
converted into matter; matter cannot be converted into energy.
D)
Matter can be converted into energy; energy cannot be converted into
matter.
E) Matter is used in ecosystems; energy is not.
B
The law of conservation of matter states that matter cannot be
created, yet matter is sometimes
gained or lost to an ecosystem.
What is the reason for this seeming contradiction?
A)
Chemoautotrophic organisms can convert matter to energy.
B)
Ecosystems are open systems; therefore, matter can be moved in/out of
an ecosystem from/to
another ecosystem.
C) Photosynthetic
organisms convert sugars to more complex organic molecules.
D)
Detrivores convert matter to energy.
E) Heterotrophs convert heat
to energy.
B
Photosynthetic organisms are unique to most ecosystems because
they
A) synthesize organic compounds they obtain from decaying
heterotrophs.
B) synthesize inorganic compounds from organic
compounds.
C) use light energy to synthesize organic compounds
from inorganic compounds.
D) use chemical energy to synthesize
organic compounds.
E) convert light energy into matter.
C
A cow's herbivorous diet indicates that it is a(n)
A) primary
consumer.
B) secondary consumer.
C) decomposer.
D)
autotroph.
E) producer.
A
To recycle nutrients, an ecosystem must have, at a minimum,
A) producers.
B) producers and decomposers.
C) producers,
primary consumers, and decomposers.
D) producers, primary
consumers, secondary consumers, and decomposers.
E) producers,
primary consumers, secondary consumers, top carnivores, and decomposers.
B
Which of the following terms encompasses all of the others?
A)
heterotrophs
B) herbivores
C) carnivores
D) primary
consumers
E) secondary consumers
A
Which of the following is an example of an ecosystem?
A) all of
the brook trout in a 500-square-hectare river drainage system
B)
the plants, animals, and decomposers that inhabit an alpine
meadow
C) a pond and all of the plant and animal species that
live in it
D) the intricate interactions of the various plant and
animal species on a savanna during a
drought
E) all of the
organisms and their physical environment in a tropical rain forest
E
If the sun were to suddenly stop providing energy to Earth, most
ecosystems would vanish.
Which of the following ecosystems would
likely survive the longest after this
hypothetical
disaster?
A) tropical rain forest
B)
tundra
C) deep-sea vent community
D) grassland
E) desert
C
Which of the following is true of detritivores?
A) They recycle
chemical elements directly back to primary consumers.
B) They
synthesize organic molecules that are used by primary
producers.
C) They convert organic materials from all trophic
levels to inorganic compounds usable by
primary
producers.
D) They secrete enzymes that convert the organic
molecules of detritus into CO2 and H2O.
E) Some species are
autotrophic, whereas others are heterotrophic.
C