Chapter 15 Flashcards

a medical doctor who has completed a M.D. with specialized training in assessment and treating mental disorders

practices psychotherapy and holds doctorate degree with specialization clinical psychology and has extensive training in therapy, the assessment of psychological disorders and research.

has a master’s degree and extensive training in psychotherapy. They work in schools, community organizations and private practice.

Interaction between a therapist and someone suffering from a psychological problem, with the goal of providing support or relief from the problem

Treatment that draws on techniques from different forms of therapy, depending on the client and the problem

Explore childhood events and encourage individuals to use this understanding to develop insight into their psychological problems

client relaxes and reports whatever comes to mind; contain clues to unconscious conflicts

interpreting hidden meaning in
client’s dreams (Symbolic representation of impulses/conflicts)

Reluctance to cooperate with treatment for fear of confronting unpleasant unconscious material

Event that occurs in psychoanalysis when the analyst begins to assume a major significance in the client’s life, and the client reacts to the analyst based on unconscious childhood fantasies, impulses or conflicts.

Form of psychotherapy that focuses on helping clients improve current relationships

Assume that human nature is generally positive and emphasize the natural tendency to strive for personal improvement.

Assumes that all individuals have a tendency toward growth and this growth can be facilitated by acceptance.

1902-1987; Field: humanistic; Contributions: founded person-centered therapy, theory that emphasizes the unique quality of humans especially their freedom and potential for personal growth, unconditional positive regard, fully functioning person

Agreement, harmony, or correspondence

the ability to understand and share the feelings of another

according to Rogers, an attitude of total acceptance toward another person

a type of therapy that assumes that disordered behavior is learned and that symptom relief is achieved through changing overt maladaptive and dysfunctional behaviors into more constructive behaviors

Involves giving clients tokens for desired behavior which can be later
traded for rewards

Involves confronting an emotion arousing stimulus directly and repeatedly, ultimately leading to a decrease in the emotional response

Involves helping a client identify and
correct any distorted thinking about self, others, or the world

Therapeutic approach that teaches clients to question the automatic beliefs, assumptions, and predictions that often lead to negative thinking with more realistic and positive beliefs

Teaches an individual to be fully present in each moment; to be aware of his or her thoughts, feelings, and sensations; and to detect symptoms before they become a problem

Blend of cognitive and behavioral therapeutic strategies

a psychotherapy involving family
members in a dysfunctional family

when a married, or unmarried couple
is seen together in therapy to work on problems usually arising within the relationship.

is therapy in which multiple participants
(who often do not know one another at the outset) work on their individual problems in a group atmosphere.

involve discussion or Internet chat groups that focus on a particular disorder or difficult life experience and are often run by peers who have struggled with the same issues.

Study of drug effects on psychological states and symptoms

For anxiety disorders, cognitive-behavioral therapy, antidepressant medications and anti-anxiety medications have all been shown to be helpful. Research generally shows that psychotherapy is more effective than medications, and that adding medications does not significantly improve outcomes from psychotherapy alone

Tendency of symptoms to return to their mean or average level

when the patient gets better over time simply by coming to therapy, even though it doesn't matter what actually happens at the therapy session