Chapter 12 Flashcards

Study of the causes, consequences and influence of social contexts

Ability to control another person’s behavior

Behavior whose purpose is to harm another

Principle stating that people aggress only when their goals are thwarted

Gender being male is the best predictor of aggression / Status and/or dominance may be threatened.

excessively high-self esteem can lead to aggression
low-self esteem does not mean more aggressive

Behavior by two or more individuals that leads to mutual benefit

Positive or negative evaluation of another person based on their group membership

positive or negative behavior toward another person based on their group membership

people tend to evaluate actions of their own group or team members much more favorably than those of outgroup members.

The tendency for groups to make decisions that's are more extreme then any member would have made alone

Tendency for groups to reach consensus in order to facilitate interpersonal harmony

when immersion in a group causes people to become less aware of their individual values

Tendency for individuals to feel diminished responsibility for their actions when they are surrounded by others who are acting the same ways

Behavior that benefits another without benefitting oneself

Behavior that's benefits another with the expectation that those benefits will be returned in the future

caused by situational, physical, and pschological factors.

balanced proportions

breeds fondness

that a man's height and woman's weight were among the best predictors of how many responses a personal ad received, and another study found that psychical attractiveness was the only factor that predicted the only dating choices of both women and men.

The tendency for liking increases with the frequency of exposure

Physical attractiveness is the major factor in attraction (and elicits all kinds of preferential treatment) These factors are also predictors of good genes and good parenting.

women tend to be choosier. Small changes in courtship ritual can cause men to be choosier (Cost and Seeking Long-Term)

is a norm in many cultures as they fall in love

love

Experience involving feelings of euphoria, intimacy, and intense sexual attraction

Experience involving affection, intimacy, trust, and concern for a partners well being

Hypothesis that people remain in relationships only as long as they perceive a favorable ratio of costs to benefits

state of affairs in which the cost-benefit ratios of the two partners are roughly equal

the ability to control another person's behavior

refers to the influence of a person's pleasure and pain receptors on their willingness to move towards a goal or away from a threat.

how people go about being accepted in society and what may or may not be approved by social standards.

motivated to believe what is right and avoid believing what is wrong.

is the most basic of most
motives

the more you reward people for doing something, the more they tend to lose interest in that activity

customary standards for behavior that are widely shared by members of a culture

occurs when another person's behavior provides information about what is appropriate

the unwritten rule that people should benefit those who have benefited them

the tendency to do what others do simply because others are doing it (implied pressure)

the tendency to do what powerful people tell us to do

enduring positive or negative evaluation of an object or event

enduring piece of knowledge about an object or event

person's attitudes or beliefs are influenced by communication from another person

the process by which attitudes or beliefs are changed by appeals to habit or emotion

the process by which attitudes or beliefs are changed by appeals to reason

a technique that involves a small request followed by a larger request

unpleasant state that arises when a person recognizes the inconsistency of his or her actions, attitudes, or beliefs

the process by which people draw inferences about others based on their knowledge of the categories to which others belong

when observers perceive what they expect to perceive

for people who are faced with disconfirming evidence to modify their stereotypes rather than abandon them.

both white and black people thought more of the black targets were holding guns instead of cameras

an inference about the cause of a person's behavior

attribute someone's internal disposition as cause

attribute the external situation as cause

the tendency to make a dispositional attribution even when a person's behavior was caused by the situation

the tendency to make situational attributions for our own behaviors while making dispositional attributions for the identical behavior of others