President Wilson broke diplomatic relations with Germany when
a)
the Zimmermann note was intercepted and made public
b) Germany
announced that it would wage unrestricted submarine warfare in the
Atlantic
c) news was received that a revolutionary movement had
overthrown the czarists regime in Russia
d) Germany rejected
Wilson's Fourteen Points for peace
e) it appeared that the German
army would take Paris
B
The Zimmermann note involved a proposed secret agreement
between
a) Britain and France
b) Russia and Germany
c)
Germany and Mexico
d) Mexico and France
e) Germany and Canada
C
The U.S. declared war on Germany
a) in response to demands by
American munitions makers
b) as a result of treaty
obligations
c) because Wall Street bankers demanded it
d)
after Mexico signed an alliance with Germany
e) after German
U-boats sank four unarmed American merchant vessels
E
President Woodrow Wilson persuaded the American people to enter World
War I by
a) appealing to America's tradition of intervention in
Europe
b) convincing the public of the need to make the world
safe from the German submarine
c) pledging to make the war
"a war to end all wars" and to make the world safe for
democracy
d) promising territorial gains
e) declaring that
only the navy would be involved in combat
C
President Wilson viewed America's entry into World War I as an
opportunity for the U.S. to
a) reestablish the balance of power
in European diplomacy
b) expand America's territorial
holdings
c) rebuild its dangerously small military and naval
forces
d) establish a permanent military presence in
Europe
e) shape a new international order based on the ideals of democracy
E
Of Woodrow Wilson's Fourteen Points, the one that he hoped would
provide a system of collective security was the
a) reduction of
armaments
b) League of Nations
c) abolition of secret
treaties
d) guarantee of freedom of the seas
e) principle of
national self-determination of peoples
B
The major problem for George Creel and his Committee on Public
Information was that
a) he oversold Wilson's ideals and led the
world to expect too much.
b) he relied too much on formal laws to
gain compliance
c) the entertainment industry was not willing to
go along with the propaganda campaign
d) U.S. allies refused to
cooperate
e) the public was skeptical of government propaganda
A
Match each civilian administrator below with the World War I
mobilization agency that he directed.
A. George Creel
B.
Herbert Hoover
C. Bernard Baruch
D. William H. Taft
1.
War Industries Board
2. Committee on Public Information
3.
Food Administration
4. National War Labor Board
a) A-4, B-1,
C-3, D-2
b) A-2, B-4, C-1, D-3
c) A-3, B-2, C-1, D-4
d)
A-2, B-3, C-1, D-4
e) A-1, B-2, C-4, D-3
D
When the U.S. entered World War I, it was
a) well prepared
thanks to the foresight of Woodrow Wilson
b) well prepared
militarily but not industrially
c) well prepared for land combat
but not for naval warfare
d) well prepared industrially but not
militarily
e) poorly prepared to leap into global war
E
During World War I, civil liberties in America were
a) protected
by the Espionage Act
b) limited, but no one was actually
imprisoned for his or her convictions
c) extended to everyone in
this country, because the war was fought for democracy
d)
protected for everyone except German-Americans
e) denied to many,
especially those suspected of disloyalty
E
Two constitutional amendments adopted in part because of because of
wartime influences were the 18th, which dealt with _________________,
and the 19th, whose subject was _______________.
a) prohibition;
an income tax
b) direct election of senators; woman
suffrage
c) prohibition; woman suffrage
d) an income tax;
direct election of senators
e) women suffrage; prohibition
C
As a result of their work supporting the war effort, women
a) in
large numbers secured a foothold in the work force
b) finally
received the right to vote
c) were allowed to join the air
force
d) organized the National Women's Party
e) all of the above
B
During World War I, the government's treatment of labor could be best
described as
a) fair
b) strict and financially
unrewarding
c) extremely brutal
d) so good the right to form
unions was finally granted
e) decent for native Americans but
harsh for ethnic groups
C
The strikes and sabotage of the Industrial Workers of the World
during WWI were
a) aimed at undermining the war effort
b)
unjust
c) never taken seriously by the government
d) based
on Samuel Gompers' union philosophy
e) the result of some of the
worst working conditions in the country
E
Grievances of labor during and shortly after World War I include all
of the following except
a) the inability to gain the right to
organize
b) war-spawned inflation
c) suppression of the
American Federation of Labor
d) violence against workers by
employers
e) the use of African-Americans as strike breakers
C
The 1919 steel strike resulted in
a) the eight-hour
workday
b) the right to bargain collectively
c) higher
wages
d) a grievous setback crippling the union movement for a
decade
e) a "general strike" in Seattle and Pittsburgh
D
The movement of tens of thousands of Southern blacks north during WWI
resulted in
a) better race relations in the South
b) racial
violence in the North
c) fewer blacks willing to be used as
strikebreakers
d) a new black middle class
e) all of the above
B
Most wartime mobilization agencies relied on _____________ to prepare
the economy for war.
a) congressional legislation
b)
voluntary compliance
c) presidential edict
d) court
decisions
e) business trade organizations
B
Most of the money raised to finance World War I came from
a)
confiscation of German property
b) income taxes
c)
tariffs
d) sale of armaments to Britain and France
e) loans
E
In an effort to make economic mobilization more efficient during
World War I, the federal government took over and operated
a) the
railroads
b) the merchant marine
c) heavy industry
d)
American agriculture
e) the steel mills
A
The U.S. used all of the flowing methods to support the war effort
except
a) encouraging people to buy war bonds
b) having
"heatless Mondays" to conserve fuel
c) using government
power extensively to regulate the economy
d) seizing enemy
merchant vessels trapped in American harbors
e) restricting the
manufacture of beer
C
During World War I the U.S. used naval vessels
a) made from
concrete
b) purchased from Germany
c) from the Civil War
era
d) none of the above
e) all of the above
A
When the U.S. entered WWI in 1917, most Americans did not believe
that
a) the navy was obligated to defend freedom of the
seas
b) it would be necessary to continue making loans to the
Allies
c) the U.S. would have to ship war materials to the
Allies
d) mobilization for war should be largely
voluntary
e) it would be necessary to send a large American army
to Europe
E
Those who protested conscription during World War I did so
because
a) they disliked the idea of compelling a person to
serve
b) the law required the registration of sixteen-year-old
males
c) women were included in the draft law
d) substitutes
could be hired to take someone's place
e) there was racial
discrimination in the military
A
During WWI, American troops fought in all of the following countries
except
a) Czechoslovakia
b) Russia
c) Belgium
d)
Italy
e) France
A
A unique feature of the U.S. armed forces during World War I
was
a) the absence of a draft
b) the use of black soldiers
in combat
c) the formation of the Marine Corps
d) the
formation of a separate air force
e) the entry of women for the
first time
E
Russia's withdrawal from World War I in 1918 resulted in
a) a
communist takeover of that country
b) the U.S' entry into the
war
c) the release of thousands of German troops for deployment
on the front in France
d) Germany's surrender to the
Allies
e) a setback for the idea of a "war for democracy"
C
The first significant engagement of American troops in a European
battle in American history came in the spring of 1918
a)
Meuse-Argonne
b) Chateau-Thierry
c) St. Mihiel
d) The
Second Battle of the Marne
e) D-Day
B
The Second Battle of the Marne was significant because it
a) was
the first time American troops saw action in France
b) forced the
Kaiser to abdicate
c) was the first time American troops fought
by themselves
d) saw the first use of combat aircraft
e)
marked the beginning of a German withdrawal that was never reversed
E
As a condition of ending World War I, Woodrow Wilson demanded
that
a) Germany remove its army from Russia
b) Germany be
present at the peace conference
c) the German government pay for
war damages
d) the German Kaiser be forced from power
e)
Germany accept guilt for the war
D
The U.S.' main contributions to the Allied victory in World War I
included all of the following except
a) battlefield
victories
b) foodstuffs
c) oil
d) munitions
e)
financial credit
A
The Germans were eventually demoralized by
a) the U.S.' military
performance
b) defeat of the Battle of Meuse-Argonne
c) the
U.S.' troop reserves
d) Russia's entry into the war
e)
American propaganda
C
The chief difference between Woodrow Wilson and the parliamentary
statesmen at the Paris peace table was that Wilson
a) lacked
their popularity in Europe
b) did not command a legislative
majority at home
c) brought some of his political opponents with
him
d) refused to play politics with the peace powers
e) was
not popular with his own people
B
Woodrow Wilson's ultimate goal at the Paris Peace conference was
to
a) stop the spread of communism
b) blame no one for
starting the war
c) force Germany to pay reparations for the
war
d) establish the League of Nations
e) create new
national states in Europe
D
At the Paris Peace Conference, Wilson sought all of the following
goals except
a) preventing a seizure of territory by the
victors
b) an end to the European colonial empires in Africa and
Asia
c) a world parliament of nations to provide collective
security
d) national self-determination for smaller European
nations
e) free trade and freedom of the seas
B
Opposition to the League of Nations by the U.S. Senate during the
Paris Peace Conference
a) gave Allied leaders in Paris a stronger
bargaining position
b) resulted in the League's being left out of
the final draft of the treaty
c) led to an abandonment of the
Monroe Doctrine
d) reinforced German's unwillingness to sigh the
treaty
e) forced Wilson to weaken the League idea
A
After the Treaty of Versailles had been signed, Wilson
a)
remained a popular leader
b) was condemned by both disillusioned
liberals and frustrated imperialists
c) was popular only with the
Germans
d) admitted that he should nave been willing to
compromise
e) planned a shrewd strategy for Senate approval
B
In the U.S., the most controversial aspect of the Treaty of
Versailles was
a) arms limitation
b) open diplomacy
c)
the permanent U.S. alliance with France
d)
self-determination
e) Article X
E
The Republican strategy regarding the Treaty of Versailles was
to
a) delay and amend the treaty
b) defeat the
treaty
c) appeal to the American public to support it
d)
rush the treaty to a vote before Wilson could get enough support to
pass it
e) make the election of 1920 a "solemn
referendum" on the treaty
A
Senate opponents of the League of Nations as proposed in the Treaty
of Versailles argued that it
a) failed to provide any German
financial reparations for the U.S.
b) violated Wilson's own
Fourteen Points
c) robbed Congress of its war-declaring
powers
d) isolated the U.S. from postwar world affairs
e)
would require U.S. troops to serve in international forces
C
In Congress, the most reliable support for Wilson's position on the
League of nations came from
a) Henry Cabot Lodge
b)
pro-league Republicans
c) the irreconcilables
d) Midwestern
senators
e) Democrats
E
The Senate likely would have accepted American participation in the
League of Nations had Wilson
a) stuck to the principles of his
own Fourteen Points
b) personally gone to Europe to negotiate the
League Covenant
c) actively campaigned for support from the
American public
d) had been willing to compromise with League
opponents in Congress
e) run for re-election and won on a
pro-League platform
D
Who was most responsible for the Senate defeat of the Treaty of
Versailles?
a) Henry Cabot Lodge
b) Woodrow Wilson
c)
isolationists
d) republicans
e) liberals
B
Wilson's "solemn referendum" in 1920 concerned
a)
whether he should run for a third term as president
b) the moral
fitness of Warren G. Harding for the presidency
c) his attempt to
use the presidential election as a public vote on the Treaty of
Versailles
d) the role of women in the 1920 election
e) a
proposed constitutional amendment authorizing the League
C
Republican isolationists successfully turned Warren Harding's 1920
presidential victory into a
a) victory for the munitions
industry
b) victory for idealism
c) demand for
self-sacrifice
d) crusade against Bolshevik communism
e)
death sentence for the League of Nations
E
The major weakness of the League of Nations was that it
a) had
no military power
b) did not include the Soviet Union
c) was
sued by Hitler to gain power
d) did not include the U.S.
e)
permitted a veto by the great powers
D