alpha radioactive decay
radioactive decay in which an atomic radius emits an alpha particle (helium nuclei) and a stable isotope; the stable isotope can be identified by subtracting 4 from the mass number of the radioactive isotope and subtracting 2 from its mass number
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Antoine Lavoisier
A French nobleman and chemist who had a big affection the histories of chemistry and biology; developed the Law of Conservation of Mass/Matter
balanced chemical equation
chemical equation that uses coefficients to show that the number of atoms of each element that enters into a reaction is equal to the number of atoms of that same element produced during the reaction
beta radioactive decay
radioactive decay in which an atomic radius emits a beta particle (electron) and a stable isotope; the stable isotope can be identified by subtracting 2 from the atomics number of the radioactive isotope while the mass number is unchanged
chemical equation
a condensed statement that used chemical formulas and identifies the reactants and products of a chemical reaction
chemical reaction
process in which one or more substances are converted into new substances with different chemical and physical properties
coefficient
a whole number that precedes a reactant or product symbol or formula in a chemical equation and indicates the relative number or representative particles involved in the reaction
combustion reaction
a chemical reaction in which a hydrocarbon reacts with oxygen to produce carbon dioxide, water, and energy in the form of heat and/or light
gamma radioactive decay
a type of radioactive decay that does not emit charged particles; it emits a high energy form of electromagnetic called a gamma ray photon
law of conservation of matter/mass
matter is neither created nor destroyed; in a balanced chemical equation, the mass of all the atoms of all the elements present on the reactant and product side must be the same
decomposition reaction
a chemical reaction in which a single complex compound is broken down into two or more products; general form is AB yields A + B
double displacement reaction
a chemical reaction in which the cations from two ionic compound replace each other forming two new ionic compounds; the general form is AB + CD yields AD + CB
neutralization reaction
a chemical reaction between an acid and a base that destroys the chemical and physical properties of both; the products are water and a salt formed from the cation
nuclear reaction
a reaction where the identity or characteristics of an atomic nucleus changes when it is bombarded with an energetic particle, cush as in
single displacement reaction
a chemical reaction in which a single element displaces another element that is part of a compound; general form is
synthesis reaction
a chemical reaction in which two or more elements or compound combine to form a single product; general form is