What is mental health?
State of well-being
What does mental health entail?
reaching your highest potential
How does mental health relate to stress?
How you cope with stress
What is the impact of mental health on work?
how productive you are
What is the role of mental health in the community?
Contributing to the community
What are some traits of mental health?
Rational thinking, Communication skills, Learning, Emotional growth, Resilience, Self-esteem
What are mental illnesses?
Psychiatric disorders with definable diagnoses
What kind of dysfunctions are seen in mental illness?
Dysfunctions related to developmental, biological, and physiological disturbances
What is the mental health continuum?
Points along a continuum
What is the middle ground between mental health and mental illness?
Stress and discomfort from everyday life
What are the nature/nurture origins of psychiatric disorders?
Nature vs Nurture
What are risk and protective factors?
Factors that increase or decrease the likelihood of negative outcomes.
What are some examples of risk factors?
Family history of mental illness, substance abuse in the community.
What are some examples of protective factors?
Strong social support, positive coping skills.
Why are risk and protective factors important to study?
To understand and prevent negative outcomes.
What is resilience?
Ability and capacity to secure resources needed to support well-being
How is resilience characterized?
Ability to secure needed resources, capacity for regulating emotions and overcoming negative thoughts
Why is resilience essential?
Essential to recovery
What are some social and economic circumstances that can impact risk and protective factors?
Family, schools and peer groups, socioeconomic status, educational advancement
What are some environmental factors that can impact risk and protective factors?
Political climate & cultural considerations, social & economic policies
What is the difference between mental illness and physical illness?
Mental illness is rooted in intercellular abnormalities.
What does the diathesis-stress model explain?
The interplay between nature and nurture in mental disorders.
What is the Diathesis-Stress Model?
Combination of genetic vulnerability and negative environmental stressors
What does diathesis refer to in the model?
Biological predisposition
What does stress refer to in the model?
Environmental stress or trauma
What is the most accepted explanation for mental illness?
Diathesis-Stress Model
According to the Diathesis-Stress Model, what causes most psychiatric disorders?
Combination of genetic vulnerability and negative environmental stressors
What is the Consumer movement in mental health care?
Advocacy for consumer rights and recovery
What is the National Alliance on Mental Illness (NAMI)?
An organization that provides support and education for individuals with mental illness
What is the Decade of the Brain?
A 10-year initiative to advance brain research and understanding
What is the Surgeon General's Report On Mental Health?
A comprehensive report on mental health in the United States
What is the Human Genome Project?
A project to map and sequence the human genome
What is the President's New Freedom Commission on Mental Health?
A commission that aimed to transform the mental health system in the United States
What is the Institute of Medicine?
An organization that provides health policy recommendations
What is the BRAIN Initiative?
An initiative to accelerate neuroscience research and technologies
What is the RDoC Initiative?
An initiative to develop new ways of classifying mental disorders based on underlying causes
What does the Mental Health Parity Act require insurance companies to provide?
Equal treatment coverage for psychiatric disorders
What did the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act create to offer more choices?
Health insurance exchanges
What did the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act provide for most uninsured Americans?
Coverage through expanded Medicaid eligibility
What is the purpose of the Mental Health Parity Act?
To achieve parity or equivalence in insurance coverage for psychiatric disorders
What is the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act often referred to as?
Obamacare
What is epidemiology?
Study of the distribution of mental disorders
What is the purpose of studying the epidemiology of mental disorders?
To identify high-risk groups and high-risk factors
What does incidence measure?
Number of new cases in a given time
What does prevalence measure?
Number of cases regardless of when they began
What is lifetime risk?
Risk that one will develop a disease in the course of a lifetime
What is the purpose of studying groups treated for specific mental disorders in clinical epidemiology?
Natural history, diagnostic screening, interventions
What are the results used for in clinical epidemiology?
Frequency of mental disorders and symptoms appearing together
What does the Mental Health Parity Act provide?
Equal coverage for mental health disorders
What is the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders?
Official medical guidelines for diagnosing psychiatric disorders
Who publishes the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders?
American Psychiatric Association
What influences the criteria for diagnosing psychiatric disorders?
Multiprofessional clinical field trials
What is ICD-10-CM?
International Classification of Diseases, 10th edition
What does ICD-10-CM provide clinical descriptions for?
Mental and behavior disorders
How many broad classifications does ICD-10-CM have?
2
What are subclassifications in ICD-10-CM?
Further divisions within the broad classifications
What is the role of Psychiatric Mental Health Nurses?
Assess, diagnose, and treat behavioral and mental disorders
What theories do Psychiatric Mental Health Nurses use?
Nursing, psychosocial, neurobiological theories
Which populations do Psychiatric Mental Health Nurses work with?
Varied populations
In which settings are Psychiatric Mental Health Nurses employed?
A variety of settings
What is the International Classification for Nursing Practice (ICNP)?
Standardized nursing diagnoses
What is the basic level of psychiatric-mental health nurse education?
PMH-RN
What are the requirements for becoming a PMH-RN?
2 years full-time work, 2000 clinical hours, 30 hours continuing education
What certification is required for PMH-RNs?
Certification exam to add 'BC' to the RN title (RN-BC)
What is mental health?
State of well-being
What degrees are required for PMH-APRNs?
Master of Science (MSN) or Doctor of Nursing Practice (DNP)
What are some trends affecting the future?
Educational challenges, demand for mental health professionals, aging population, cultural diversity, science, technology, and electronic healthcare, advocacy & legislative involvement
What is one educational challenge?
Educational challenges
What is one demand affecting the future?
Demand for mental health professionals
What is one way to get involved affecting the future?
Advocacy & legislative involvement