Using a stethoscope, you listen to a beating heart and hear "lub-dup, lub-dup." These sounds are created by
blood recoiling against the closed valves.
Which of the following statements regarding spermatogenesis and oogenesis is true?
Meiosis in oogenesis produces one mature egg from one primary oocyte.
One neurotransmitter associated with sleep, mood, attention, and learning is
serotonin.
Which of the following options incorrectly pairs a class of sensory receptor with one of the stimuli it detects?
thermoreceptors touch
Mechanoreceptors (touch) are not evenly spaced on your body. What part of the body might be expected to have mechanoreceptors located closer together?
eyelid
"Supertasters" are individuals who
typically have more food dislikes.
Which type of sensory receptors becomes more sensitive when damaged tissues produce prostaglandins?
pain receptors
Sensory transduction occurs in the
cerebral cortex.
Receptors that transduce when the plasma membrane becomes more permeable to positive ions as it changes shape are called
pain receptors.
Suppose you have a bag of assorted flavors of candy. You close your eyes, hold your nose, and pull out a piece of candy and eat it. Then you try to describe the candy's flavor. How accurate do you think your prediction will be?
not very accurate, because you cannot fully experience the flavor of the candy
Which part of this figure depicting an eye is the retina?
part D
The semicircular canals
are arranged in three perpendicular planes.
The eyes of a planarian provide
information about light intensity and direction.
You arrive at your office and are startled by the sounds of building construction outside your window. As you settle in to your work for the day, you forget about the construction noises. When a visitor comes to your office later that day, the first thing she comments on is how disruptive the construction noise must be to your concentration. You realize that you have not even noticed it for over an hour. This is due to
sensory adaptation.
The pupil of the eye is similar to what part of a camera?
the aperture
Since pesticides affect humans in a manner similar to that of roaches, it would be valid to conclude that
the mechanism of stimulating skeletal muscle contraction must be similar in humans and roaches.
When the human brain's normal electrical activity is suddenly altered, a seizure can result. Seizures cause several behavioral and physical complications such as sudden mood changes, muscle spasms, or uncontrollable body shaking. Seizure impulses often start in one hemisphere of the brain and travel to the other. Which of the following surgical treatments would reduce the severity of seizures?
severing the corpus callosum so that the brain has diminished ability to send messages between the two cerebral hemispheres
The two major anatomical divisions of the nervous system are the
central nervous system and peripheral nervous system.
In all vertebrates, the brain consists of the
forebrain, midbrain, and hindbrain.
Which of the following brain regions controls the secretion of pituitary hormones and exerts direct control over many other aspects of homeostasis?
hypothalamus
Nervous system effector cells
include muscle cells and gland cells.
Which of the following results from stimulation by the parasympathetic nervous system?
stimulation of saliva secretion
The human cerebral cortex accounts for what percentage of the total mass of the brain?
80%
The autonomic nervous system
regulates the internal environment of the body.
Once an action potential is triggered, there is a
reversal of the membrane polarity, with the interior of the cell becoming positively charged.
Multiple sclerosis results from an autoimmune disease that primarily involves
destruction of the myelin sheath.
The speed of impulse conduction along an axon may be increased by
A myelin sheath
You are sitting with a friend in the park next to some children who are playing Frisbee. You turn to talk to your friend and out of the corner of your eye you see a Frisbee quickly approaching your face. As an innate, protective behavior, you blink your eyes. The protective action of blinking is an example of a/an
reflex.
The embryo implants in the ________.
endometrium
Fission is an asexual process
in which a parent separates into two individuals of approximately equal size.
The acrosome of sperm cells contains an enzyme called hyaluronidase. Which of the following procedures would benefit from the addition of hyaluronidase?
helping a drug to pass through a cell membrane
What occurs during gastrulation?
A hollow blastula is changed into a hollow embryo that has three tissue layers.
Which of the following statements regarding sexual reproduction is true?
Sexual reproduction generates greater genetic variation than asexual reproduction
From which part of this figure will the nervous system develop?
part B
Which of the following describes apoptosis?
programmed cell death
Which of the following structures develops from mesodermal tissue?
muscles
A vasectomy is a form of male sterilization in which each vas deferens is cut, but most of the male's reproductive physiology remains intact. Which of the following will not continue to occur in a male who has had a vasectomy?
Sperm will be ejaculated from the penis during orgasm.
What would happen if the chorion failed to secrete human chorionic gonadotropin?
The embryo would be aborted.
Meconium is the clinical term used for the earliest stool (fecal matter) of a newborn human infant, which is usually very sticky (like tar), almost completely odorless, and dark olive green in color. Meconium takes this form due to materials that the fetus orally ingests while in the uterus. Which of the following materials would the fetus likely ingest during development?
amniotic fluid
The main function of the AV node is to
relay a signal for the ventricles to contract.
) You are dissecting a "mystery animal" in biology lab and discover that it has a series of closed blood vessels, a pair of lungs, two atria, and a single ventricle. What animal are you dissecting?
frog
Bone marrow stem cells are sometimes used to treat certain blood cell diseases, such as
leukemia.
Which of the following is a function of the circulatory system?
transporting nutrients to body cells
What is the most common cause of anemia?
iron deficiency
From the left ventricle, oxygen-rich blood flows through the
aorta
A red blood cell is in an artery in the right leg. How many capillary beds will it pass through before it returns to the left atrium of the heart?
two
Sometimes when a person in a movie is stabbed or cut, blood forcefully sprays out of the wound. This is realistic only if the severed vessel is under a high degree of pressure. Which of the following vessels, if severed, would result in the most forceful spray of blood?
capillaries in the body
During ventricular systole, the ________ valves ________.
...
Which of the following statements about erythrocytes is true?
Erythrocytes are shaped like biconcave disks.
Which of the following molecules is least likely to be able to pass through a capillary wall?
an enzyme