Abrasion
a partial-thickness wound caused by the scarping away or rubbing of the skin
arterial ulcer
an open wound on the foot, ankle, or lower leg caused by poor arterial blood flow
chronic wound
a wound that does not heal easily and within about 3 months
circulatory ulcer
an open sore on the lower legs or feet caused by decreased blood flow through the arteries or veins; aka vascular ulcer
diabetic foot ulcer
an open wound on the foot caused by complications from diabetes
excoriation
loss of the epidermis caused by scratching or when skin rubs against skin, clothing, or other material
incision
a cut produced surgically by a sharp instrument; it creates an opening into an organ or body space
laceration
An open wound with torn tissues and jagged edges
penetrating wound
an open wound that breaks the skin and enters a body area, organ, or cavity
puncture wound
an open wound made by a sharp object
purulent drainange
thick green, yellow, or brown drainage
sanguineous drainage
bloody (sanguis) drainage
serosanguineous drainage
thin, watery drainage (zero) that is blood-tinged (sanguineous)
skin tear `
a break or rip in the outer layers of the skin; the epidermis separates from the underlying tissues
venous ulcer
an open sore on the lower legs or feet caused by poor venous blood flow; aka stasis ulcer
wound
a break in the skin or mucous membrane
body prominence
an area where the bone sticks out or projects form the flat surface of the body; pressure point
colonized
the presence of bacteria on the wound surface or in the wound tissue; the person does not have signs and symptoms of an infection
epidermal stripping
removing the epidemic as tape is removed from the skin
eschar
thick, leathery dead tissue that may be loose or adhered to the skin; it is often black or brown
intact skin
normal skin and skin layers without damage or breaks
slough
dead tissue that is shed from the skin; it is usually light colored, soft, and moist; may be stringy at times
development
changes in mental, emotional, and social function
growth
the physical changes that are measured and that occur in a steady, orderly manner
geriatrics
the care of aging people
gerontology
the study of the aging process
elective surgery
surgery done by choice to improve life or well-being
embolus
a blood clot (thrombus) that travels through the vascular system untill it lodges in a blood vessel
regional anesthesia
the loss of sensation, produced by a drug, in a large area
thrombus
blood clot
dorsal recumbent position
the supine position with the legs together; aka horizontal recumbent position
genupectoral position
aka knee-chest position; the person kneels and rests the body on the knees and chest; the head is turned to 1 side, the arms are above the head or flexed at the elbows, the back is straight, and the body is fixed about 90 degrees at the hips
laryngeal mirror
an instrument used to examine the mouth, teeth, and throat
lithotomy position
the patient lies on their back with the hips at the edge of the exam table, knees flexed, and hips externally rotated; feet are in stirrups
nasal speculum
instrument used to examine the nose
ophthalmoscope
a lighted instrumented used to examine the internal eye
otoscope
a lighted instrument used to examine the external ear and the eardrum (tympanic membrane)
tuning fork
an instrumennt used to test hearing
glucosuria
sugar in the urine
hematoma
a swelling that contains bloods
hematuria
blood in the urine
hemoptysis
bloody sputum
ketone
a substance appearing in urine from the rapid breakdown of fat for energy: aka acetone, ketone body
melena
black, tarry stool
sputum
mucus from the respiratory system when expectorated (expelled) through the mouth
apnea
the lack or abscense of breathing
atelectasis
the collapse of a portion of the lung
Biot's respirations
rapid and deep respirations followed by 10 to 30 seconds of apnea
bradypnea
slow breathing; respirations are fewer than 12 per minute
Cheyne-Stokes respirations
Respirations gradually increase in rate and depth and then become shallow and slow; breathing may stop for 10-12 seconds
dyspnea
difficult, labored, or painful breathing
hypoxemia
a reduced amount of oxygen in the blood
hypoxia
cells do not have enough oxygen
Kussmaul respirations
very deep and rapid respirations
orthopnea
breathing deeply and comfortably only when sitting up
orthopedic position
sitting up and leaving over a table to breathe
respiratory depression
slow, weak respirations at a rate of fewer than 12 per minute
tachypnea
rapid breathing; respirations are more than 20 per minute
hemothorax
blood in the speural space
patent
open and unblocked
pleural effusion
the escape and collection of fluid in the pleural space
pneumothorax
air in the pleural space
suction
the process of withdrawing or sucking up fluid
tracheostomy
a surgically created opening in the neck into the trachea