One of the first lessons learned by the Jeffersonians after their victory in the 1800 presidential election was
A) the need to strengthen diplomatic ties with Britain.
B) to go off the gold standard.
C) to decrease tariffs.
D) to institute an excise tax.
E) that it is easier to condemn from the stump than to govern consistently.
E
One of the greatest problems that John Adams and the Federalists faced in the election of 1800 was
A) Adams's efforts to get America involved in a war with France.
B) increased public debt brought on by war preparations.
C) Adams's refusal to take the country to war against France.
D) Alexander Hamilton's support of Adams.
E) the stories circulating about Adams's relationship with a slave woman.
C
In the election of 1800, the Federalists accused Thomas Jefferson of all of the following except
A) having robbed a widow.
B) having fathered numerous mulatto children by his own slave women.
C) being an atheist.
D) supporting high taxes.
E) having robbed children of their trust funds.
D
In the 1800 election Thomas Jefferson won the state of New York because
A) of a reaction against Alexander Hamilton, Jefferson's enemy.
B) Aaron Burr used his influence to turn the state to Jefferson.
C) of the high taxes passed by the Adams administration.
D) Napoleon promised to sell the Louisiana Territory only to Jefferson.
E) all of the above.
B
The Jeffersonian Democratic-Republicans presented themselves as all of the following except
A) believers in a strong central government.
B) strict constructionists.
C) protectors of agrarian purity.
D) believers of political and economic liberty.
E) strong supporters of state's rights
A
Thomas Jefferson received the bulk of his support from the
A) South and West.
B) North.
C) large cities.
D) East.
E) New England
A
In 1800, Thomas Jefferson was chosen president by the
A) people.
B) Electoral College.
C) House of Representatives.
D) wealthy.
E) business sector.
C
Thomas Jefferson's "Revolution of 1800" was remarkable in that it
A) moved the United States away from its democratic ideals.
B) marked the peaceful and orderly transfer of power on the basis of election results accepted by all parties.
C) occurred after he left the presidency.
D) caused America to do what the British had been doing for a generation regarding the election of a legislative body.
E) was in no way a revolution
B
Thomas Jefferson was elected president by the House of Representatives when
A) a few Federalists refrained from voting.
B) Aaron Burr withdrew from the race.
C) Jefferson agreed to appoint John Marshall to the Supreme Court.
D) additional Jeffersonians became members of the House.
E) the electoral college gave up its responsibility.
A
Thomas Jefferson saw his election and his mission as president to include all of the following except
A) to return to the original spirit of the revolution.
B) restore the republican experiment.
C) check the growth of the republican experiment.
D) halt the decay of virtue.
E) support the establishment of a strong army
E
As president, Thomas Jefferson's stand on several political issues that he had previously championed
A) remained unchanged.
B) was reversed.
C) grew even more rigid.
D) compelled him to repeal the Alien and Sedition Acts.
E) caused him to reject slavery.
B
With Thomas Jefferson's election as president, the Democratic-Republican party
A) grew stronger and more unified.
B) removed many Federalists from government jobs.
C) soon resented its leaders' lavish life-style.
D) grew less unified as the Federalist party began to fade and lose power.
E) sought to extend the Alien and Sedition Acts to punish their enemies
D
Thomas Jefferson's presidency was characterized by his
A) unswerving conformity to Republican party principles.
B) rigid attention to formal protocol at White House gatherings.
C) moderation in the administration of public policy.
D) ruthless use of the patronage power to appoint Republicans to federal offices.
E) inability to get legislation passed by Congress.
C
On becoming president, Thomas Jefferson and the Republicans in Congress immediately repealed
A) the Alien and Sedition Acts.
B) the charter of the National Bank.
C) the excise tax on whiskey.
D) the funding and assumption of the national debt.
E) money to fund the naval build-up
C
When it came to the major Federalist economic programs, Thomas Jefferson as president
A) left practically all of them intact.
B) quickly dismantled them.
C) slowly undid everything the Federalists achieved.
D) attacked only the Bank of the United States.
E) vetoed any new tariffs.
A
Thomas Jefferson and his followers opposed John Adams's last-minute appointment of new federal judges mainly because
A) the men appointed were of poor quality.
B) they believed that the appointments were unconstitutional.
C) they did not want a showdown with the Supreme Court.
D) it was an attempt by a defeated party to entrench itself in the government.
E) these judges were not needed.
D
The chief justice who carried out, more than any other federal official, the ideas of Alexander Hamilton concerning a powerful federal government was
A) James Madison.
B) William Marbury.
C) John Marshall.
D) Samuel Chase.
E) John Jay.
C
Before he became Chief Justice of the Supreme Court, John Marshall's service at Valley Forge during the American Revolution convinced him
A) to support Thomas Jefferson and his republican principles.
B) to give up the life of a soldier and return to law school.
C) of the drawbacks of feeble central authority.
D) of the futility of opposing Britain.
E) all of the above.
C
As chief justice of the United States, John Marshall helped to ensure that
A) states' rights were protected.
B) the programs of Alexander Hamilton were overturned.
C) the political and economic systems were based on a strong central government.
D) both the Supreme Court and the president could rule a law unconstitutional.
E) Aaron Burr was convicted of treason.
C
The legal precedent for judicial review was established when
A) the House of Representatives impeached Justice Samuel Chase.
B) the Supreme Court declared the Judiciary Act of 1789 unconstitutional.
C) Congress repealed the Judiciary Act of 1801.
D) President Adams appointed several "midnight judges" to the federal courts.
E) the Judiciary Act of 1801 was passed.
B
The case of Marbury v. Madison involved the question of who had the right to
A) commit the United States to entangling alliances.
B) impeach federal officers for "high crimes and misdemeanors."
C) declare an act of Congress unconstitutional.
D) purchase foreign territory for the United States.
E) appoint Supreme Court justices.
C
John Marshall, as chief justice of the United States, helped to strengthen the judicial branch of government by
A) applying Jeffersonian principles in all of his decisions.
B) asserting the doctrine of judicial review of congressional legislation.
C) overriding presidential vetoes.
D) listening carefully to and heeding the advice of lawyers arguing cases before the Supreme Court.
E) increasing the number of justices on the Supreme Court.
B
Thomas Jefferson's failed attempt to impeach and convict Supreme Court Justice Samuel Chase for "high crimes and misdemeanors" meant that
A) no federal judge could ever be removed from office.
B) judicial independence and the separation of powers had been preserved.
C) Jefferson's effectiveness as president had been lost.
D) an unfortunate precedent had been established.
E) Aaron Burr would go free.`
B
Thomas Jefferson distrusted large standing armies because they
A) were usually ineffective in battle.
B) always developed a destructive rivalry with the navy.
C) could be used to establish a dictatorship.
D) all of the above.
E) none of the above.
C
Thomas Jefferson saw navies as less dangerous than armies because
A) they were generally smaller in numbers.
B) they had little chance of starting a war.
C) they were in less contact with foreign powers.
D) they could not march inland and endanger liberties.
E) all of the above.
D
Thomas Jefferson had strong misgivings about the wisdom of
A) states' rights.
B) maintaining a large standing army.
C) having the presidency and Congress controlled by the same party.
D) removing federal judges by the process of impeachment.
E) judicial review.
B
Thomas Jefferson's first major foreign-policy decision was to
A) purchase Louisiana from France.
B) send a naval squadron to the Mediterranean.
C) drive the British out of the northwest forts.
D) purchase Florida from Spain.
E) form an alliance with Spain.
B
Thomas Jefferson ceased his opposition to the expansion of the navy when the
A) Pasha of Tripoli declared war on the United States.
B) U.S. Marine Corps was established.
C) "mosquito fleet" was defeated by the pirates at Tripoli.
D) army was disbanded.
E) British blockaded the east coast.
A
To guard American shores, Thomas Jefferson
A) built a fleet of frigates.
B) constructed coastal fortifications.
C) constructed two hundred tiny gunboats.
D) signed a peace treaty with Great Britain.
E) enlisted the aid of France.
C
Arrange these events in chronological order: (A) Louisiana Purchase, (B) Chesapeake incident, (C) Burr's trial for treason, (D) Embargo Act.
(A) A, B, D, C
(B) C, D, A, B
(C) A, C, B, D
(D) D, B, C, A
(E) B, D, C, A
C
In order to purchase New Orleans from France, Thomas Jefferson
A) threatened to form an alliance with France's enemy, Spain.
B) was unwilling to go to war.
C) proposed to break away from all alliances to prove our neutrality.
D) was willing to use funds from private individuals if Congress would not authorize enough money for the purchase.
E) decided to make an alliance with his old enemy, Britain.
E
Napoleon chose to sell Louisiana to the United States because
A) he had suffered misfortunes in Santo Domingo.
B) he hoped that the territory would one day help America to thwart the ambitions of the British.
C) he did not want to drive America into the arms of the British.
D) yellow fever killed many French troops.
E) all of the above
E
Jefferson had authorized American negotiators to purchase only ____________________ from France.
A) New Orleans and the Floridas
B) New Orleans and St. Louis
C) Santo Domingo
D) the Missouri River basin
E) the entire Louisiana Territory
A
Thomas Jefferson was conscience-stricken about the purchase of the Louisiana Territory from France because
A) the Federalists supported his action.
B) he believed that the purchase was unconstitutional.
C) he felt that the purchase was not a fair deal for France.
D) war with Spain might occur.
E) he feared the British might use it as an exercise to declare war on the United States
B
Lewis and Clark's expedition through the Louisiana Purchase territory yielded all of the following except
A) a rich harvest of scientific observations.
B) treaties with several Indian nations.
C) maps.
D) hair-raising adventure stories.
E) knowledge of the Indians of the region.
B
Lewis and Clark demonstrated the viability of
A) travel across the isthmus of Panama.
B) an overland trail to the Pacific.
C) settlement in the southern portion of the Louisiana territory.
D) using Indian guides.
E) all of the above.
B
After killing Alexander Hamilton in a duel, Aaron Burr
A) fled to France.
B) fled to England.
C) was arrested and found guilty of murder.
D) was arrested and found innocent of murder.
E) plotted to divide the United States.
E
The British policy of impressment was a kind of
A) naval blockade.
B) economic boycott.
C) forced enlistment.
D) diplomatic pressure.
E) punishment for the United States.
C
The British impressed American sailors into the British navy because
A) the Americans took the Chesapeake.
B) they needed more men.
C) Parliament passed a law.
D) of the XYZ affair.
E) they wanted to punish the United States.
B
The Chesapeake incident involved the flagrant use of
A) patronage.
B) impeachment.
C) judicial view.
D) impressment.
E) naval blockades.
D
To deal with British and French violations of America's neutrality, Thomas Jefferson
A) declared war on Britain.
B) enacted an economic embargo.
C) declared war on France.
D) did nothing.
E) sought trade relations with Spain and Holland.
B
Macon's Bill No. 2
A) forbade American ships from leaving port.
B) permitted trade with all nations but promised that if either Britain or France lifted its commercial restrictions on American trade, the United States would stop trading with the other.
C) forbade American trade with Britain and France but promised to open trade with either country if it would cease its violations of American neutrality rights.
D) repealed the Embargo Act of 1807.
E) halted trade with Britain.
B
President Jefferson's foreign policy of economic coercion
A) underestimated British dependence on American trade.
B) adversely affected France's economy more than Britain's.
C) stimulated manufacturing in the United States.
D) destroyed the Federalist party in New England.
E) succeeded in its goal of forcing the British to halt its impressment of American sailors.
C
Thomas Jefferson's embargo failed for all of the following reasons except that
A) he underestimated the determination of the British.
B) he underestimated Britain's dependence on American trade.
C) Britain produced a bumper grain crop.
D) Latin America opened its ports for commerce.
E) he miscalculated the difficulty of enforcing it. B 588.
B
President James Madison made a major foreign-policy mistake when he
A) accepted Napoleon's promise to recognize America's rights.
B) vetoed Macon's Bill No. 2.
C) allied the United States with Britain.
D) refused to trust Napoleon.
E) declared war on France.
A
By 1810, the most insistent demand for a declaration of war against Britain came from
A) New England merchants.
B) the West and South.
C) Federalists.
D) the middle Atlantic states.
E) southern states.
B
The war hawks demanded war with Britain because they wanted to do all of the following except
A) wipe out renewed Indian resistance.
B) defend American rights.
C) gain more territory.
D) retaliate for the British burning of Washington, D.C.
E) revenge the manhandling of American sailors.
D
Of the following, the only argument not put forward by the war hawks as a justification for a declaration of war against Britain was that
A) the British armed Indians and incited them to raid frontier settlements.
B) British impressment policies were an affront to American nationalism.
C) Britain's commercial restrictions had come close to destroying America's profitable New England shipping business.
D) British Canada and Spanish Florida were attractive and easily obtainable prizes of war.
E) the orders in council stopped the flow of Western farm products to Europe.
C
Arrange the following events in chronological order: (A) war hawks enter Congress, (B) declaration of war on Britain, (C) Embargo Act, (D) Battle of Tippecanoe.
(A) A, B, C, D
(B) C, A, D, B
(C) B, C, A, D
(D) B, A, D, C
(E) B, C, D, A
B
Tecumseh argued that Indians should
A) never give control of their land to the whites.
B) move west of the Mississippi River.
C) not cede control of land to whites unless all Indians agreed.
D) exchange traditional buckskin clothing for cloth garments.
E) fight as individual tribes and not as a confederacy.
C
Native American leader Tecumseh was killed in 1813 at the
A) Battle of Tippecanoe.
B) Battle of the Thames.
C) Battle of Horseshoe Bend.
D) Battle of New Orleans.
E) Battle of Fallen Timbers.
B
The battle of Tippecanoe resulted in
A) defeat of the British by the hands of the Indian confederacy.
B) a Shawnee loss and a Creek victory.
C) a declaration of war by the United States on Great Britain.
D) the expulsion of the British from Florida.
E) the death of the dream of an Indian confederacy.
E
In 1812, James Madison turned to war
A) to help him win re-election.
B) due to his hatred of Great Britain.
C) to fulfill alliance obligations with France.
D) to fulfill alliance obligations with Spain.
E) to restore confidence in the republican experiment.
E
Seafaring New England opposed the War of 1812 because of all of the following except
A) the Northeast Federalists sympathized with England.
B) it resented the Republican's sympathy with Napoleon.
C) Federalists opposed the acquisition of Canada.
D) it could result in more agrarian states.
E) their strong trade ties with France.
E
Once begun, the War of 1812 was supported strongly by
A) practically all Americans.
B) New England and the seaboard states.
C) very few people.
D) the West and South.
E) Native Americans.
D
Federalists opposed the acquisition of Canada because
A) there were too many French there.
B) Canadian business would prove too competitive.
C) it was too agrarian and would give more votes to the Democratic-Republicans.
D) they believed that the Canadians could never become Americanized.
E) too many Indians lived there.
C
During the War of 1812, the New England states
A) supported the United States' war effort.
B) lent more money and sent more food to the British army than to the American army.
C) gave no support to either the Americans or the British.
D) allowed their militias to fight wherever the federal government requested.
E) declared their independence from the United States.
B
All of the following were true of the American regular army on the eve of the War of 1812 except
A) they were ill-trained and ill-disciplined.
B) they were widely scattered.
C) their numbers were large enough that they did not have to rely on the militia.
D) most of the generals were leftovers from the Revolutionary War and lacked vigor and vision.
E) there was no burning national anger to unite them.
C