Oral antihistamines and what they relieve
- First gen - diphenhydramine (Benadryl) zzZZZ
- Second gen - cetirizine (Zyrtec)
- Third gen - fexofenadine (Allegra)
These relieve sneezing, rhinorrhea, and nasal itching
drugs for sympathomimetics (decongestants)
- pseudoephedrine (oral)
- pehnylephrine (oral, drops, spray)
- oxymetazoline (spray)
how does sympathomimetics (decongestants) work?
- Reduce nasal congestion by activating alpha1-adrenergic receptors on nasal blood vessels = vasoconstriction = decreased swelling & drainage
side effects of sympathomimetics (decongestants)
- rebound congestion (use topical agent for 3-5 days)
- CNS stimulator
- dangerous for pts w CV events
- ABUSE - kept locked behind the counter
Opioid antitussives (anti cough)
codeine, hydrocodone
Nonopioid antitussives (anti cough)
dextromethorphan, benzonatate zzzZZZZZ
Drugs for congestion include
- Exporants
- Mucolytics
prototype drug for exporants
guaifenesine
what does guaifenesine do?
makes ur cough more productive by stimulating flow of repiratory tract secretions
prototype drug for mucolytics
acetylcysteine
what does acetylcysteine do?
makes mucus more watery for a more productive cough
other drugs that can treat respiratory conditions include
Abx, antiviral drugs, antifungals, diuretics, and O2