Central Science: Chapter 23 Flashcards

Chalcocite, chalcopyrite, and malachite are sources of which metal?
A) manganese
B) copper
C) titanium
D) iron
E) zinc

Which mineral contains titanium?
A) pyrolusite
B) chalcopyrite
C) galena
D) rutile
E) sphalerite

A mineral is ________.
A) a solid inorganic compound that contains one or more metals
B) a vitamin
C) metal in its elemental form
D) a transition metal ion
E) a source of carbon

What two oxidation states are more frequently observed in the first transition series than in the third?
A) +3 and +7
B) +2 and +3
C) +2 and +7
D) +5 and +6
E) +3 and +5

A substance with unpaired electrons will be ________.
A) slightly attracted to a magnet
B) slightly repelled by a magnet
C) permanently magnetic
D) brightly colored
E) nonmetallic

The lanthanide contraction is responsible for the fact that ________.
A) Zr and Y have about the same radius
B) Zr and Nb have similar oxidation states
C) Zr and Hf have about the same radius
D) Zr and Zn have similar oxidation states
E) Zr and Hf have the same oxidation states

Which one of the following is not true about transition metals?
A) They frequently have more than one common oxidation state.
B) Their compounds are frequently colored.
C) Their compounds frequently exhibit magnetic properties.
D) They are found in the d-block of the periodic table.
E) They typically have low melting points.

Which one of the following species is paramagnetic?
A) Fe3+
B) Cu+
C) Zn
D) Mg
E) Au+

Paramagnetic solids ________.
A) have atoms with one or more unpaired electrons
B) show very slight magnetic character when placed in a magnetic field
C) have atoms with randomly oriented magnetic moments
D) have atoms with strongly aligned electrons when placed in a magnetic field
E) both A and D

Formation of a complex species of Mn+ metal ion with ligands often ________.
A) "masks" original chemical properties of both the Mn+ ion and the ligands
B) reduces availability of the free Mn+ ions in solution
C) may cause changes in the ease with which Mn+ is reduced or oxidized
D) alters original physical properties of Mn+
E) all of the above

What is the most common geometry found in four-coordinate complexes?
A) square planar
B) octahedral
C) tetrahedral
D) icosahedral
E) trigonal bipyramidal

The minimum number of unshared valence electron pairs in the ligands of a coordination compound is ________.
A) 1
B) 2
C) 3
D) 4
E) 5

The coordination number of cobalt in CoCl3 ∙ 6NH3 is ________.
A) 2
B) 3
C) 4
D) 6
E) 8

What is the oxidation number of Fe in [Fe(CN)5]^3-?
A) 1+
B) 2+
C) 3+
D) 4+
E) 5+

Changes in the coordination sphere of a complex compound may lead to changes in ________.
A) color
B) physical properties
C) chemical properties
D) stability
E) all of the above

In the compound, CaNa[Fe(CN)6], what ligands are in the coordination sphere?
A) Ca2+
B) Na+
C) CN-
D) H2O
E) none of the above

What are the respective central-metal oxidation state, coordination number, and overall charge on the complex ion in

Na2[Cr(NH3)2 (NCS)4]?

A) +3; 6; -1
B) +3; 6; +1
C) +2; 6; -2
D) +2; 4; -1
E) +1; 6; -2

Which of the following complexes has a coordination number of 6?
A) [Co(NH3)2Cl2]
B) [Co(NH3)4]2+
C) [Co(en)3]3+
D) [Co(NH3)2]3+
E) None of these complexes has coordination number 6.

How many ligands are there in the coordination sphere of [Co(en)2Cl2]+?
A) 3
B) 6
C) 4
D) 1
E) 0

What is the charge on the complex ion in Ca2[Fe(CN)6]?
A) 3-
B) 2+
C) 2-
D) 1-
E) 4-

A ligand with a single donor atom is called ________.
A) a chelon
B) a chelate
C) polydentate
D) monodentate
E) bidentate

Which of the following is not a chelating agent?
A) chloride anion
B) EDTA
C) porphine
D) ethylenediamine
E) oxalate anion

What is the purpose of adding EDTA to prepared foods?
A) to keep ions such as Ca²⁺ in solution so the foods look good
B) to complex trace metal ions that catalyze decomposition reactions
C) to complex iron (III) ions so they can catalyze protein decomposition on cooking
D) to aid in browning of the surface during cooking
E) to prevent dissolution of the container in the food when stored for long periods of time

In humans, what percent of absorbed iron is found in blood?
A) 15
B) 25
C) 40
D) 60
E) 75

The coordination number and oxidation number of the central atom in [Fe(H2O)4Cl2] are ________ and ________, respectively.
A) 4, +1
B) 6, +1
C) 6, +2
D) 5, +2
E) 4, +2

What are the donor atoms in a porphine molecule?
A) N
B) O
C) S
D) Br
E) F

What metal is complexed in chlorophyll?
A) iron
B) chromium
C) manganese
D) vanadium
E) magnesium

What form of hemoglobin is purplish-red?
A) myoglobin
B) deoxyhemoglobin
C) heme
D) oxyhemoglobin
E) none of the above

How many bonds can ethylenediamine form to a metal ion?
A) 1
B) 2
C) 3
D) 4
E) 6

Based on entropy considerations alone, which homogeneous aqueous equilibrium would be expected to lie to the right?
A) AgI2- + 2Br- ⇔ AgBr2- + 2I-
B) Ni(H2NC2H4NH2)32+ + 6NH3 ⇔ Ni(NH3)62+ + 3H2NC2H4NH2
C) CoCl42+ + 6H2O ⇔ Co(H2O)62+ + 4Cl-
D) Fe(NH3)62+ + C20H10N42- ⇔ Fe(NH3)2(C20H10N4) + 4NH3
E) Cu(NH3)42+ + 6H2O ⇔ Cu(H2O)62+ + 4NH3

The chelate effect is best attributed to considerations of which type?
A) hydration
B) enthalpy
C) entropy
D) hydrogen bonding
E) resonance

Which one of the following species is a potential polydentate ligand (chelating agent)?
A) NH3
B) Cl-
C) CN-
D) H2O
E) C2O42-

What are the donor atoms in ferrichrome and how many of them are in one molecule?
A) Cr, 5
B) N, 4
C) O, 6
D) Fe, 4
E) S, 6

Which of the following is a polydentate ligand?
A) ammonia
B) oxalate ion
C) chloride ion
D) water
E) hydroxide ion

A complex of correctly written formula [Pt(NH3)3Br]Br ∙ H2O has which set of ligands in its inner coordination sphere?
A) 3 NH3
B) 3 NH3 and 2 Br-
C) 3 NH3 and 1 Br-
D) 3 NH3, 1 Br-, and 1 H2O
E) 3 NH3, 2 Br-, and 1 H2O

Which one of the following is the correct formula for potassium diaquatetrachloromolybdate (III)?
A) K2[Mo(H2O)2Cl4]
B) K[Mo(H2O)2Cl2]Cl2
C) K[Mo(H2O)2Cl4]
D) Mo[K(H2O)2]Cl4
E) K3[Mo(H2O)2Cl4]

Does either or both cis- or trans-[Mn(en)2Br2] have optical isomers?
A) cis only
B) trans only
C) both cis and trans
D) neither cis nor trans
E) [Mn(en)2Br2] does not exhibit cis-trans isomerism.

Linkage isomerism would most likely occur when which of the following ligands is present?
A) H2O
B) NH3
C) Cl-
D) PF3
E) NCS-

Isomers whose ligands can bind directly to a metal or be outside the lattice are called ________.
A) linkage isomers
B) rotational isomers
C) coordination sphere isomers
D) geometric isomers
E) optical isomers

Which of the following will display optical isomerism?
A) square-planar [Rh(CO)2Cl2]-
B) square-planar [Pt(H2NC2H4NH2)2]2+
C) octahedral [Co(NH3)6]3+
D) octahedral [Co(NH3)5Cl]2+
E) octahedral [Co(H2NC2H4NH2)3]3+

Which one of the following complexes would most likely have tetrahedral geometry?
A) [NiCl4]2-
B) [Co(H2O)6]2+
C) [Cr(NH3)6]3+
D) [Fe(CN)6]3+
E) [Pt(NH3)2Cl2]

Which one of the following complexes can exhibit geometrical isomerism?
A) [Pt(NH3)2Cl2] (square planar)
B) [Zn(NH3)2Cl2] (tetrahedral)
C) [Cu(NH3)4]2+ (square planar)
D) [Cu(NH3)5Cl]2+ (octahedral)
E) All of the above can exhibit geometrical isomerism.

Coordination sphere isomers ________.
A) have the same molecular formula and coordination number
B) have the same molecular formula but different coordination numbers
C) have different molecular formulas but the same coordination number
D) have different molecular formulas and different coordination numbers
E) are the same as resonance structures

A racemic mixture is ________.
A) an equal mixture of both enantiomers of an optically active species
B) a mixture of an optically active species with an optically inactive species
C) an equal mixture of cis- and trans-isomers
D) a mixture of metal ions and ligands in equilibrium
E) a mixture of structural isomers

Which compound is most likely white/colorless?
A) [Cu(H2O)4]2+
B) [Ni(H2O)6]2+
C) [Cr(H2O)5Cl]2+
D) [Cd(H2O)4]2+
E) [Co(H2O)6]2+

A complex that absorbs light at 700 nm will appear ________.
A) red
B) green
C) yellow
D) orange
E) violet

A metal complex absorbs light mainly at 420 nm. What is the color of the complex?
A) green
B) yellow
C) red
D) orange
E) purple

Which one of the following substances has three unpaired d electrons?
A) [Zn(NH3)4]2+
B) [V(H2O)6]4+
C) [Ag(NH3)2]+
D) [Cu(NH3)4]2+
E) [Cr(CN)6]3-

Which one of the following complex ions will be paramagnetic?
A) [Fe(H2O)6]2+ (low spin)
B) [Fe(H2O)6]3+ (low spin)
C) [Co(H2O)6]3+ (low spin)
D) [Zn(H2O)4]2+
E) [Zn(NH3)4]2+

Complexes containing metals with d¹⁰ electron configurations are typically white/colorless because ________.
A) there is no d electron that can be promoted via the absorption of visible light
B) the empty d orbitals absorb all of the visible wavelengths
C) there are no d electrons to form bonds to ligands
D) a complex must be charged to be colored
E) d electrons must be emitted by the complex in order for it to appear colored

Complexes containing metals with d¹⁰ electron configurations are typically ________.
A) violet
B) blue
C) green
D) yellow
E) white/colorless

Complexes containing metals with which one of the following electron configurations are usually white/colorless?
A) d²
B) d¹
C) d⁵
D) d⁸
E) d¹⁰

Consider a complex in which manganese (III) is bonded to six identical ligands. Which one of the following ligands will result in the smallest value of Δ?
A) Cl-
B) NH3
C) H2O
D) F-
E) CN-

Based on the crystal-field strengths F- < CH2CN < NH3 < NO2- < CN-, which Co (III) complex is most likely high-spin?
A) [Co(NH3)6]3+
B) [Co(NO2)6]3-
C) [Co(CN)6]3-
D) [CoF6]3-
E) [Co(CH3CN)6]3+

The attraction of a metal to a neutral ligand is due to ________ bonding.
A) ionic
B) covalent
C) ion-dipole
D) dipole-dipole
E) hydrophobic

Which of the following statements is (are) false?
A) The greater the energy gap in a metal complex, the shorter the wavelength of light the complex will absorb.
B) Complex color depends on both the metal and the ligand.
C) Metal complexes with an ammonia ligand have a larger energy gap than the corresponding fluoride complexes.
D) Strong field ligands are associated with low energy gaps.
E) Both A and C

Based on the crystal-field strengths Cl- < F- < H2O < NH3 < H2NC2H4NH2, which octahedral Ti (III) complex below has its d-d electronic transition at shortest wavelength?
A) [Ti(NH3)6]3+
B) [Ti(H2NC2H4NH2)3]3+
C) [Ti(H2O)6]3+
D) [TiCl6]3-
E) [TiF6]3-

Which of the following ions can form both a high spin and a low spin octahedral complexes?
A) Fe3+ and Co2+ only
B) Fe3+, Mn3+, and Co2+
C) Cr3+ only
D) Fe3+, Cr3+, and Co2+
E) Mn3+, Cr3+, and Co2+

Using the following abbreviated spectrochemical series, determine which complex ion is most likely to absorb light in the red region of the visible spectrum.

small splitting Cl- < H2O < NH3 < CN- large splitting

A) [CuCl4]2-
B) [Cu(H2O)4]2+
C) [Cu(NH3)4]2+
D) [Cu(CN)4]2-
E) not enough information given to determine

Which of the following cannot form both high- and low-spin octahedral complexes?
A) Mn2+
B) V2+
C) Co3+
D) Cr2+
E) All of the above can form both high- and low-spin complexes.

Which of the following can form both high- and low-spin octahedral complexes?
A) Cr2+
B) Cr3+
C) Zn2+
D) Cu+
E) All of the above can form either high- or low-spin complexes.

How many d electrons are associated with the metal ion in [Cr(NH3)3+?
A) 1
B) 2
C) 3
D) 4
E) 5

The coordination numbers of cobalt (III) and of chromium (III) in their complexes are always ________.
A) 4
B) 5
C) 2
D) 3
E) 6

The coordination number of platinum in complexes is always ________.
A) 4
B) 5
C) 2
D) 3
E) 6

During the formation of a coordination compound, the ________ acts as a Lewis acid.
A) metal
B) ligand

During the formation of a coordination compound, the ________ acts as a Lewis base.
A) metal
B) ligand

The coordination sphere of a complex consists of ________.
A) the central metal ion only
B) the ligands
C) the central metal ion and the ligands bonded to it
D) the primary and secondary valencies
E) coordination and steric numbers

In the following reaction, Ni2+ is acting as a(n) ________.

Ni²⁺ (g) + 6H2O (l) → Ni(H2O)6²⁺ (aq)

A) oxidizing agent
B) Lewis acid
C) precipitating agent
D) solvent
E) ligand

How many d electrons are in the iron ion of K3[Fe(CN)6]?
A) 3
B) 5
C) 6
D) 7
E) 4

What is the charge on the complex ion in Mg2[FeCl6]?
A) 2-
B) 2+
C) 3-
D) 3+
E) 4-

What is the oxidation number of chromium in Cr[(NH3)4Cl2]Cl?
A) -3
B) +3
C) +2
D) -2
E) 0

What is the ligand in Ca3[Fe(CN)6]2?
A) Ca2+
B) Fe3+
C) CN-
D) Fe(CN)63-
E) Fe2+

What is the charge of the central metal ion in Ca3[Fe(CN)6]2?
A) 0
B) 1+
C) 2+
D) 3+
E) 6+

What is the oxidation number of cobalt in [Co(NH3)4F2]?
A) -3
B) +2
C) +1
D) +3
E) +6

The charge of the complex ion in [Zn(H2O)3Cl]Cl ________.
A) 0
B) 1-
C) 2+
D) 1+
E) 2-

The coordination number for [Zn(H2O)3Cl]Cl is ________.
A) 5
B) 4
C) 2
D) 1
E) 6

What is the oxidation state of iron in CaNa[Fe(CN)6]?
A) 0
B) +2
C) +3
D) +4
E) +6

What is the oxidation state of iron in K3[Fe(CN)6]?
A) 0
B) +2
C) +3
D) +4
E) +6

What is the coordination number of iron in CaNa[Fe(CN)6]?
A) 2
B) 8
C) 4
D) 6
E) 12

What is the coordination number of cobalt in [Co(NH3)5Cl](NO3)2?
A) 12
B) 8
C) 4
D) 2
E) 6

What is the oxidation state of cobalt in [Co(NH3)5Cl](NO3)2?
A) 0
B) 2
C) 3
D) 4
E) 6

What is the oxidation state of chromium in [Cr(H2O)4Cl2]+?
A) 0
B) +2
C) +3
D) -2
E) -3

What is the coordination number of chromium in [Cr(H2O)4Cl2]+?
A) 8
B) 6
C) 4
D) 2
E) 12

The "dentation" of a ligand is defined by ________.
A) how many "dents" or "deceptions" there are in the coordination sphere of a complex species it forms
B) how many electron donor atoms it utilizes to form coordinate bonds to the central metal ion
C) the total number of lone pairs of electrons it possesses
D) how many metal ions it can sequester from solution
E) none of the above

EDTA is ________-dantate ligand.
A) mono
B) bi
C) tri
D) tetra
E) hexa

What is the metal ion in the porphyrin of heme?
A) iron
B) calcium
C) molybdenum
D) magnesium
E) chlorophyll

How many iron atoms are coordinated in a hemoglobin molecule?
A) 1
B) 2
C) 3
D) 4
E) 5

The correct name for [Ni(NH3)6](NO3)3 ________.
A) dinitrohexaamminenickel (II)
B) hexaamminenickel (III) trinitrate
C) dinitrohexaamminenickelate (III)
D) hexaamminenickel (II) nitrate
E) hexaamminenickel (III) nitrate

The correct name for [Cu(NH3)4(H2O)2]2+ is ________.
A) diwaterquatraamminecopper (II)
B) tetraamminediaquacopper (II)
C) diaquatetraammoniumcopper (II)
D) tetraamminecopper (II) dihydrate
E) copper (II) tetraamminediaqueous

The correct name for [Al(H2O)2(OH-)4]- is ________.
A) diwaterquatrahydroxyaluminum
B) tetrahydroxydiaquaaluminum (III)
C) diaquatetrahydroxoaluminate
D) aluminum (IV) hydroxide dihydrate
E) aluminumdihydratetetrahydroxide

The correct name for [Fe(NH3)5]Cl3 is ________.
A) pentaamineiron (II) chloride
B) pentaamineiron (I) chloride
C) pentaamineiron (III) chloride
D) pentaamineiron (IV) chloride
E) pentaamineiron (0) chloride

The names of complex anions end in ________.
A) -o
B) -ium
C) -ate
D) -ous
E) -ic

The correct name for Na3[CoF6] is ________.
A) trisodium hexakisfluorocobalt (III)
B) trisodium hexakisfluorocobalt (II)
C) trisodium hexakisfluorocobalt (IV)
D) sodium hexafluorocobaltate (III)
E) sodium hexafluorocobaltate (IV)

Triphenylphosphine is often given the abbreviated formula PPh3. The correct name for Rh(PPh3)3Cl is ________.
A) chlorotriphenylphosphinerhodium
B) chlorotriphenylphosphinerhodium (I)
C) tris(triphenylphosphine)chlororhodium (I)
D) chlorotris(triphenylphosphine)rhodium (I)
E) chlorotris(triphenylphosphine)rhodate (I)

In ________, the bonds are the same but the spatial arrangement of the atoms is different.
A) structural isomers
B) linkage isomers
C) coordination-sphere isomers
D) stereoisomers
E) resonance structures

A geometrical isomer with like groups located on opposite sides of the metal atom is denoted with the prefix ________.
A) cis-
B) trans-
C) bis-
D) tetrakis-
E) d-

The complex [Zn(NH3)2Cl2]2+ does not exhibit cis-trans isomerism. The geometry of this complex must be ________.
A) tetrahedral
B) trigonal bipyramidal
C) octahedral
D) square planar
E) either tetrahedral or square planar

How many isomers exist for the octahedral complex ion [Co(NH3)4F2]+?
A) 1
B) 2
C) 3
D) 4
E) 5

Trans-[Fe(H2O)2Cl4]2- must be ________.
A) tetrahedral
B) octahedral
C) square planar
D) trigonal bipyramidal
E) linear

Linkage isomerism can only occur ________.
A) in cis-isomers of octahedral complexes
B) with cobalt complexes
C) with coordination number 6
D) with tetrahedral complexes
E) with ligands that have more than one possible donor atom

Metals with ________ electron configurations characteristically form diamagnetic, square planar complexes.
A) d⁰
B) d⁹
C) d⁶
D) d⁸
E) d¹⁰

Which mineral contains mercury?
A) cinnabar
B) sphalerite
C) rutile
D) chromite
E) cassiterite

Which one of the following species is paramagnetic?
A) Cu
B) Ne
C) Y3+
D) Ra
E) Zn2+

Which element has the largest bonding atomic radius?
A) scandium
B) titanium
C) vanadium
D) chromium
E) manganese

What is the most common geometry found in five-coordinate complexes?
A) trigonal bipyramidal
B) octahedral
C) tetrahedral
D) linear
E) icosahedral

The coordination number of cobalt in CoCl3 ∙ 6NH3 is ________.
A) 6
B) 7
C) 8
D) 1
E) 2

What is the oxidation number of Ni in [Ni(CN)4]2-?
A) +2
B) +1
C) 0
D) +3
E) +4

Which ion shown below does not exist?
A) Y4+
B) Y2+
C) Y+
D) Zr4+
E) Nb3+

Which ion shown has empty 5s orbitals?
A) Mo2+
B) Y3+
C) Zr4+
D) Nb2+
E) All choices have empty 5s orbitals.

Which ion shown has empty 4d orbitals?
A) Y3+
B) Zr2+
C) Nb+
D) Mo3+
E) Zr3+

A ligand with a single donor atom is called ________.
A) monodentate
B) bidentate
C) polydentate
D) a chelate
E) a chelon

Which of the following is not a chelating agent?
A) water
B) ethylenediamine
C) ortho-phenanthroline
D) carbonate ion
E) triphosphate ion

How many bonds can carbonate ion form to a metal ion?
A) 2
B) 3
C) 4
D) 1
E) 5

Which of the following is a polydentate ligand?
A) ethylenediamine
B) water
C) cyanide ion
D) nitrite ion
E) ammonia

The ligand with the formula Br– is named ________ in complexes with transition metals.
A) bromo
B) bromide
C) fluoro
D) carbonato
E) azido

The ligand with the name aqua when used in complexes with transition metals has the formula ________.
A) H2O
B) H2O2
C) HO-
D) N3-
E) H3O+

Which one of the following is the correct formula for pentaamminechlorocobalt (III) chloride?
A) [Co(NH3)5Cl]Cl2
B) [Co(NH3)4Cl]Cl2
C) [Co(NH3)6Cl]Cl2
D) [Co(NH3)5]Cl4
E) [Cl(NH3)5Co]Co2

Which of the following can form both high- and low-spin octahedral complexes?
A) Ru2+
B) Cr3+
C) Cr4+
D) Zr
E) Ag+

How many d electrons are associated with the metal ion in [Cr(NH3)6]3+?
A) 3
B) 4
C) 2
D) 1
E) 0

Draw a diagram of the short-hand ground state electron configuration of zinc.

Most transition metal ions contain partially occupied ________ subshells.

A substance is ________ if its ions or atoms have zero unpaired electrons.

The two more common oxidation states of lead are ________ and ________.

________ arises when the unpaired electrons of the atoms or ions in a solid are influenced by the orientations of the electrons of their neighbors.

What is the oxidation state of the central atom in CaK[Co(CN)6]?

The most common coordination numbers are ________.

What is the coordination number of the iron atom in CaNa[Fe(CN)6]?

Six-coordinate complexes generally have ________ geometry.

The number of "free" chloride ions in an ionic coordination compound can be determined by treating the compound with ________.

The secondary valence in metal ion complexes is called the ________.

Werner's theory of primary and secondary valences for transition metal complexes has given us the concepts of ________ and ________.

Transition metal ions with empty valence orbitals act as ________.

What is the oxidation number of the central metal in [Mo(H2O)5NO3]Cl2

Define the chelate effect.

The chelate effect is enhanced by polydentate ligand binding because of the change in ________.

List three of the ten transition metals required for human life.

Myoglobin has ________ heme group(s) that bind(s) ________.

In photosynthesis, ________ moles of photons are required to form one mole of ________.

In the leaves of plants, visible light is absorbed by a compound known as ________, and is aided by a ________ ion bonded to a porphyrin ring.

What is the mechanism used in humans to combat blood bacterial growth via deprivation of iron?

A large difference in formation constant (Kf) of a poly- versus monodentate ligand is called ________.

A compound that can occupy two coordination sites is a (an) ________.

The porphyrin compound that contains Mg (II) is called ________.

The transport of iron into bacteria is facilitated by the formation of the complex ________.

Name the compound: K2[Cr(H2O)4(CO3)2].

Name Na [Ru(H2O)2 (C2O4)2].

Two compounds have the same formula and contain an ligand. In one compound the ligand is bonded to the metal atom via the N atom and in the other it is bonded via the S atom. These two compounds are examples of ________ isomers.

Non superimposable isomers are ________ isomers.

How can high-spin and low-spin transition metal complexes be distinguished from each other?

If chloride is a ligand to a transition metal, it will not be precipitated by silver nitrate.

The chelate effect must always occur with positive enthalpy change.

The color of hemoglobin changes from purple to red when water displaces oxygen on the molecule.

The heme unit of myoglobin is bound to the protein via a nitrogen-containing ligand.

To separate racemic mixtures, the isomers must be in a chiral environment.

Green and orange are complementary colors.

The energy of a metal ligand complex is higher than the energy of the separated components.

What is the purpose of adding sodium tripolyphosphate to a detergent?

What colors of light does chlorophyll-a absorb?

How does an elevated body temperature deprive some bacteria in the body of iron?

What is a siderophore?

What is meant by the prefix tetrakis-, and when is it used?

Name the compound, Ca[AlH4]2.

Name the compound, [Os(en)3]2 [NiCl2Br2]3.

Name the compound, Cu(H2O)42+.

In what two ways can an object appear blue?