Franklin Roosevelt's __________ contributed the most to his
development of compassion and strength of will.
a.
education
b. domestic conflicts with Eleanor Roosevelt
c.
family ties with Teddy Roosevelt
d. affliction with infantile
paralysis
e. service in World War I
D
The most vigorous "champion of the dispossessed"- that is,
the poor and minorities- in Roosevelt administration circles was
a. Harold Ickes.
b. Alfred E. Smith.
c. Eleanor
Roosevelt.
d. Frances Perkins.
e. Henry A. Wallace
C
The Democratic party platform on which Franklin Roosevelt campaigned
for the presidency in 1932 called for
a. a balanced
budget.
b. deficit spending.
c. higher tariffs.
d.
radical social reforms.
e. breaking up monopolistic corporations.
A
In 1932 Franklin Roosevelt campaigned on the promise that as
president he would attack the Great Depression by
a.
nationalizing all banks and major industries.
b. mobilizing
America's youth as in wartime.
c. returning to the traditional
policies of laissez-faire capitalism.
d. continuing the policies
already undertaken by President Hoover.
e. experimenting with
bold new programs for economic and social reform.
E
The phrase "Hundred Days" refers to
a. the
worst months of the Great Depression.
b. the time it took for
Congress to begin acting on President Roosevelt's plans for combating
the Great Depression.
c. the first months of Franklin
Roosevelt's presidency.
d. the "lame-duck" period
between Franklin Roosevelt's election and his inauguration.
e.
the time that all banks were closed by FDR.
C
One striking new feature of the 1932 presidential election results
was that
a. the South had shifted to the Republican
party.
b. Democrats made gains in the normally Republican
Midwest.
c. urban Americans finally cast more votes than rural
Americans.
d. "clear Agender gap" opened up in which
more women favored the Democrats.
e. African Americans shifted
from their Republican allegiance and became a vital element in the
Democratic party.
E
While Franklin Roosevelt waited to assume the presidency in early
1933, Herbert Hoover tried to get the president-elect to commit
to
a. maintaining a balanced federal budget.
b.
renewal of the extremely high Hawley-Smoot Tariff.
c. an
anti-inflationary policy that would make much of the New Deal
impossible.
d. appointing some Republicans to his
cabinet.
e. a policy of not offering direct welfare to the unemployed.
C
The Works Progress Administration was a major __________ program of
the New Deal; the Public Works Administration was a __________
long-range program; and the Social Security Act was a ___________
major program.
a. relief; recovery; reform
b.
reform; recovery; relief
c. recovery; relief; reform
d.
relief; reform; recovery
e. reform; relief; recovery
A
When Franklin Roosevelt assumed the presidency in March 1933,
a. Congress refused to grant him any legislative
authority.
b. he knew exactly what he wanted to do.
c. he
received unprecedented congressional support.
d. he wanted to
make as few mistakes as possible.
e. he at first proceeded cautiously.
C
The Glass-Steagall Act
a. took the United States off the
gold standard.
b. empowered President Roosevelt to close all
banks temporarily.
c. created the Securities and Exchange
Commission to regulate the stock exchange.
d. permitted
commercial banks to engage in Wall Street financial dealings.
e.
created the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation to insure
individual bank deposits.
E
The most immediate emergency facing Franklin Roosevelt when he became
president in March 1933 was
a. a chaotic banking
situation.
b. the national debt.
c. the need to silence
demagogic rabble-rousers such as Huey Long.
d. the collapse of
international trade.
e. the farm crisis.
A
Franklin Roosevelt's initial "managed currency" policy
aimed to
a. stimulate inflation.
b. reduce the price
of gold.
c. restore confidence in banks.
d. reduce the
amount of money in circulation.
e. shake up the Federal Reserve Board.
A
The __________ was probably the most popular New Deal program;
___________ the was one of the most complex; and the __________ was
the most radical.
a. Works Progress Administration;
Agricultural Adjustment Act; Civilian Conservation Corps
b.
Agricultural Adjustment Act; Public Works Administration; Tennessee
Valley Authority
c. National Recovery Act; Tennessee Valley
Authority; Social Security Act
d. Civilian Conservation Corps;
National Recovery Act; Tennessee Valley Authority
e. Social
Security Act; Civilian Conservation Corps; Works Progress Administration
D
President Roosevelt's chief "administrator of relief"
was
a. George Norris.
b. John L. Lewis.
c. Mary
McLeod Bethune.
d. Harold Ickes.
e. Harry Hopkins.
E
Match each New Deal critic below with the "cause" or slogan
that he promoted.
A. Father Coughlin
B. Huey
Long
C. Francis Townsend
D. Herbert Hoover
1.
"social justice"
2. "every man a
king"
3. "a holy crusade for liberty"
4.
old-age pensions
a. A-1, B-2, C-4, D-3
b. A-2, B-1,
C-3, D-4
c. A-3, B-4, C-2, D-1
d. A-4, B-3, C-1,
D-2
e. A-1, B-4, C-3, D-2
A
Senator Huey P. Long of Louisiana gained national popularity by
a. advocating social justice for all.
b. blaming Jews for
the Depression.
c. making Louisiana a model for ordinary
citizens.
d. supporting a $200-a-month old-age pension.
e.
promising to give every family $5,000.
E
Prominent female social scientists of the 1930s like Ruth Benedict
and Margaret Mead brought widespread contributions to the field
of
a. economics.
b. political science.
c.
psychology.
d. sociology.
e. anthropology.
E
Match each New Dealer below with the federal agency or program with
which he or she was closely identified.
A. Robert
Wagner
B. Harry Hopkins
C. Harold Ickes
D. Frances
Perkins
1. Department of Labor
2. Public Works
Administration
3. Works Progress Administration
4. National
Labor Relations Act
a. A-1, B-2, C-3, D-4
b. A-4,
B-3, C-2, D-1
c. A-3, B-1, C-4, D-2
d. A-4, B-3, C-1,
D-2
e. A-2, B-4, C-1, D-3
B
The National Recovery Act (NRA) failed largely because
a. businesses resisted regulation by the agency.
b. it
required too much self-sacrifice on the part of industry, labor, and
the public.
c. Harold Ickes, the head of the agency, proved to be
an incompetent administrator.
d. it did not provide enough
protection for labor to bargain with management.
e. the agency
did not have enough power to control business.
B
The first Agricultural Adjustment Act (AAA) raised the money that it
paid to farmers not to grow crops by
a. raising the
tariff.
b. imposing a tax on the sale of farms.
c. selling
government surplus grain.
d. increasing taxes on the
wealthy.
e. taxing processors of farm products.
E
The Agricultural Adjustment Act (AAA) proposed to solve the
"farm problem" by
a. reducing agricultural
production.
b. subsidizing American farm exports
overseas.
c. encouraging farmers to switch to industrial
employment.
d. helping farmers to pay their mortgages.
e.
creating farm cooperatives.
A
Both ratified in the 1930s, the Twentieth Amendment __________; the
Twenty-first Amendment __________.
a. shortened the time
between presidential election and inauguration; ended
prohibition
b. limited a president to two complete terms in
office; repealed the Eighteenth Amendment
c. rendered most New
Deal programs unconstitutional; limited a president to two complete
terms in office
d. ended prohibition; shortened the time between
presidential election and inauguration
e. expanded the size of
the Supreme Court; ended prohibition
A
All of the following contributed to the Dust Bowl of the
1930s
except
a. dry-farming techniques.
b.
drought.
c. farmers' failure to use steam tractors and other
modern equipment.
d. the cultivation of marginal farmlands on
the Great Plains.
e. soil erosion.
C
In 1935, President Roosevelt set up the Resettlement Administration
to
a. help farmers migrate from Oklahoma to
California.
b. place unemployed industrial workers in areas
where their labor was needed.
c. move Indians from land that
could be farmed by victims of the Dust Bowl.
d. find jobs for
farmers in industry.
e. help farmers who were victims of the
Dust Bowl move to better land.
E
The Indian Reorganization Act of 1934 attempted to
a.
reverse the forced assimilation of Native Americans into white
society by establishing tribal self-government.
b. encourage
Native Americans to give up their land claims.
c. reinforce the
Dawes Act of 1887.
d. pressure Native Americans to renounce
self-government.
e. define clearly which tribes were federally recognized.
A
Most Dust Bowl migrants headed to
a. Oklahoma.
b.
Arizona.
c. Nevada.
d. Oregon.
e. California.
E
Most "Okies" in California escaped the deprivation and
uncertainty of seasonal farm labor when they
a. acquired
farms in the San Joaquin Valley.
b. found work in the canning
industry.
c. found jobs in defense industries during World War
II.
d. joined the armed forces in World War II.
e. formed
evangelical religious communes.
C
The Federal Securities Act and the Securities Exchange Commission
aimed to
a. halt the sale of stocks on margin (i.e. with
borrowed funds).
b. force stockbrokers to register with the
federal government.
c. prevent interlocking directorates and
business "pyramiding" schemes.
d. provide full
disclosure of information and prevent insider trading and other
fraudulent practices.
e. enable the Chicago Board of Trade to
compete with the New York Stock Exchange.
D
On the following, the one least related to the other three is
a. the Securities and Exchange Commission.
b. the Tennessee
Valley Authority.
c. George W. Norris.
d. Muscle
Shoals.
e. hydroelectric power.
A
The federally-owned Tennessee Valley Authority was seen as a
particular threat to
a. the entire capitalist
system.
b. the Republican party.
c. the automobile
industry.
d. the private electrical utility industry.
e.
white southern racial practices.
D
The strongest criticisms leveled against the Tennessee Valley
Authority (TVA) drew criticism was that it
a. lacked
government control.
b. produced electricity
inefficiently.
c. primarily benefited the South.
d. did not
take account of environmental conditions.
e. represented the
first stage of "creeping socialism."
E
The most controversial aspect of the Tennessee Valley Authority was
its efforts in
a. electrical power.
b. flood
control.
c. soil conservation.
d. reforestation.
e.
resettlement of poor farmers.
A
The Social Security Act of 1935 provided all of the following
except
a. unemployment insurance.
b. old-age
pensions.
c. economic provisions for the blind and
disabled.
d. support for the blind and physically
handicapped.
e. health care for the poor.
E
The Wagner Act of 1935 proved to be a trail blazing law that
a. gave labor the right to bargain collectively.
b.
established the NRA.
c. established the Social Security
system.
d. authorized the Public Works Administration
(PWA).
e. guaranteed housing loans to workers.
A
The National Labor Relations Act proved most beneficial to
a. employers.
b. skilled workers.
c. the
unemployed.
d. trade associations.
e. unskilled workers.
E
The primary interest of the Congress of Industrial Organizations
was
a. the effective enforcement of "yellow
dog" contracts.
b. the organization of trade
unions.
c. the maintenance of "open shop"
industries.
d. the organization of all workers within an
industry.
e. maintaining existing wage levels.
D
The 1936 election was most notable for
a. a strong
third-party effort by the American Liberty League.
b. its
reflection of a bitter class struggle between the poor and the
rich.
c. the large number of blacks who still voted Republican
out of gratitude to Abraham Lincoln.
d. Roosevelt's loss of
support among post-immigration Catholics and Jews.
e. the strong
race run by Kansas Governor Alfred Landon.
B
President Roosevelt's "Court-packing" scheme in 1937
reflected his desire to make the Supreme Court
a. more
conservative.
b. more independent of Congress.
c. more
sympathetic to New Deal programs.
d. less burdened with
appellate cases.
e. more respectful of the Constitution's
original intent.
C
After Franklin Roosevelt's failed attempt to "pack" the
Supreme Court,
a. Roosevelt was unable to make any
changes in the Court.
b. the Democrats lost the next election in
1940.
c. Congress permanently set the number of justices at
nine.
d. much New Deal legislation was ruled
unconstitutional.
e. the Court began to support New Deal programs.
E
As a result of the 1937 "Roosevelt recession,"
a. Roosevelt backed away from further economic
experiments.
b. Social Security taxes were reduced.
c.
Republicans gained control of the Senate in 1938.
d. Roosevelt
adopted Keynesian (planned deficit spending) economics.
e. much
of the early New Deal was repealed.
D
During the 1930s,
a. the Great Depression forced
President Roosevelt to trim the size of the federal
bureaucracy.
b. the states regained influence over the
economy.
c. businesspeople eventually came to admire President
Roosevelt's New Deal programs.
d. the New Deal substantially
closed the gap between production and consumption in the American
economy.
e. the national debt doubled.
E
By 1938, the New Deal
a. had lost most of its
momentum.
b. turned more toward direct relief than social
reform.
c. had plainly failed to achieve its objectives.
d.
had won over the majority of business people to its policies.
e.
was prepared to embark on ambitious new initiatives.
A
Franklin Roosevelt's New Deal was most notable for
a.
ending the Great Depression.
b. providing moderate social reform
without radical revolution or reactionary fascism.
c.
undermining state and local governments.
d. aiding big cities at
the expense of farmers.
e. attacking the American capitalist system.
B