Pathophysiology - E-Book: CH 16, 18-20 Flashcards

An abnormally wide (more than 0.10 second) QRS complex is characteristic of

Improvement in a patient with septic shock is indicated by an increase in

The majority of cases of anaphylactic shock occur when a sensitized individual comes in contact with

Tumor necrosis factor α and interleukin-1 contribute to shock states because they induce production of

A patient presents to the emergency department with a diastolic blood pressure of 132 mm Hg, retinopathy, and symptoms of an ischemic stroke. This symptomology is likely the result of

A type of shock that includes brain trauma that results in depression of the vasomotor center is cardiogenic.

A middle-aged patient has a follow up visit for a recorded blood pressure of 162/96 mm Hg taken 3 weeks ago. The patient has no significant past medical history and takes no medications, but smokes 1 1/2 packs of cigarettes per day, drinks alcohol regularly, and exercises infrequently. The patient is about 40 lbs. overweight and admits to a high-fat, high-calorie diet. At the office visit today, the patient’s blood pressure is 150/92 mm Hg. What is the least appropriate intervention for this patient at this time?

Overproduction of nitric oxide is an important aspect of the pathophysiologic process of what type of shock?

Aortic regurgitation is associated with

Low cardiac output in association with high preload is characteristic of ________ shock.

The prevalence of high blood pressure is higher in

A patient with heart failure who reports intermittent shortness of breath during the night is experiencing

Tachycardia is an early sign of low cardiac output that occurs because of

The effect of nitric oxide on systemic arterioles is

A patient is diagnosed with heart failure with normal ejection fraction. This patient is most likely characterized by a(n)

The therapy that most directly improves cardiac contractility in a patient with systolic heart failure is

Hypertension is closely linked to

After being diagnosed with hypertension, a patient returns to the clinic 6 weeks later. The patient reports “moderate” adherence to the recommended lifestyle changes and has experienced a decreased from 165/96 to 148/90 mm Hg in blood pressure. What is the most appropriate intervention for this patient at this time?

Low cardiac output to the kidneys stimulates the release of _____ from juxtaglomerular cells.

A patient presenting with fever, hypotension, and lactic acidosis is most likely to be experiencing what type of shock?

Chronic elevation of myocardial wall tension results in atrophy.

Myocarditis should be suspected in a patient who presents with

Disseminated intravascular coagulation is a serious complication of septic shock characterized by abnormal clot formation in the microvasculature throughout the body.

Second-degree heart block type I (Wenckebach) is characterized by

Increased preload of the cardiac chambers may lead to which patient symptom?

An erroneously low blood pressure measurement may be caused by

In which dysrhythmias should treatment be instituted immediately?

First-degree heart block is characterized by

Atherosclerotic plaques with large lipid cores are prone to

Left-sided heart failure is characterized by

A patient is diagnosed with cardiogenic shock. The patient is hyperventilating and is therefore at risk for the respiratory complication of respiratory acidosis.

The most commonly recognized outcome of hypertension is pulmonary disease.

While hospitalized, an elderly patient with a history of myocardial infarction was noted to have high levels of low-density lipoproteins (LDLs). What is the significance of this finding?

Restriction of which electrolytes is recommended in the management of high blood pressure?

A patient who reports dizziness and who has absent P waves, wide QRS complexes, and a heart rate of 38 beats/minute on an ECG is most likely in which rhythm?

A patient with cold and edematous extremities, low cardiac output, and profound hypotension is likely to be experiencing a progressive stage of ________ shock.

A loud pansystolic murmur that radiates to the axilla is most likely a result of

A patient with significant aortic stenosis is likely to experience

Hypertension with a specific, identifiable cause is known as _____ hypertension.

Which serum biomarker(s) are indicative of irreversible damage to myocardial cells?

A patient with a history of myocardial infarction continues to complain of intermittent chest pain brought on by exertion and relieved by rest. The likely cause of this pain is

Cardiogenic shock is characterized by

The common denominator in all forms of heart failure is

An example of an acyanotic heart defect is

Massive release of histamine with consequent vasodilation and hypotension occurs with what type of shock?

Sepsis has been recently redefined as

An elderly patient's blood pressure is measured at 160/98. How would the patient's left ventricular function be affected by this level of blood pressure?

After sitting in a chair for an hour, an elderly patient develops moderate lower extremity edema. His edema is most likely a consequence of

Tumor necrosis factor α and interleukin-1 contribute to shock states because they induce production of

Patients presenting with symptoms of unstable angina and no ST segment elevation are treated with

Cor pulmonale refers to

The majority of cardiac cells that die after myocardial infarction do so because of

The most reliable indicator that a person is experiencing an acute myocardial infarction (MI) is

A laboratory test that should be routinely monitored in patients receiving digitalis therapy is

Angina caused by coronary artery spasm is called

Beta-blockers are advocated in the management of heart failure because they

Hypotension associated with neurogenic and anaphylactic shock is because of

A patient has a history of falls, syncope, dizziness, and blurred vision. The patient's symptomology is most likely related to

Which dysrhythmia is thought to be associated with reentrant mechanisms?

A patient is exhibiting severe dyspnea and anxiety. The patient also has bubbly crackles in all lung fields with pink, frothy sputum. This patient is most likely experiencing

Constrictive pericarditis is associated with:

Hypotension, distended neck veins, and muffled heart sounds are classic manifestations of

Pulse pressure is defined as

Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors block the:

A patient who was involved in a fall from a tree becomes short of breath. The lung sounds are absent on one side. This patient is experiencing ________ shock

Constrictive pericarditis is associated with