chap9-17 Flashcards

Puberty is a term for the onset of sexual maturity.

About half of all adult psychopathology originated in adolescence.

The age at which puberty is reached has become earlier and earlier in the United States.

The rate of self-harming is increasing.

The brain patterns of adolescents thinking about themselves and thinking about others are similar.

The developmental opportunities of adolescence make teenagers less vulnerable to severe psychological suffering.

Adolescent smoking lowers IQ scores.

Which of the following areas are affected negatively by cannabis use during adolescence? (Check all that apply)

The adolescent brain is (check all that apply)

Which of the following statements are true? (Check all that apply)

Rites of passage, such as the Diné Kinaaldá, focus on the acquisition of knowledge.

Novelty seeking during adolescence posits nothing but dangers.

Smoking pot during adolescence has the same effect as smoking pot during adulthood.

Which socio-cultural trends impact adolescence significantly in problematic ways? (Check all that apply)

Adolescence ends when?

Which of the following are important for a successful resolution of the challenges of adolescence? (Check all that apply)

The approximate percentage of teenagers getting a sufficient amount of sleep is

The rate of depression among teenagers (age 13 to 18) is approximately

The rates of adolescent depression and anxiety have

Which of the following statements are correct? (Check all that apply.)

The developmental opportunities of adolescence make teenagers less vulnerable to severe psychological suffering.

The rate of depression among teenagers (age 13 to 18) is approximately

Adolescence as a distinct developmental period is a rather recent understanding in Western psychology.

Puberty is a term for the onset of sexual maturity.

The approximate percentage of teenagers getting a sufficient amount of sleep is

Adolescents experience rejections very similarly to adults.

The adolescent brain is

Adolescence ends when?

Teenage binge drinking impacts the formation of autobiographical memories.

About half of all adult psychopathology originated in adolescence.

The adolescent brain is (check all that apply)

Which socio-cultural trends impact adolescence significantly in problematic ways? (Check all that apply)

Which of the following statements are true? (Check all that apply)

The age at which puberty is reached has become earlier and earlier in the United States.

The impact of a reward is identical in adolescents and adults.

Which of the following areas are affected negatively by cannabis use during adolescence? (Check all that apply)

The brain patterns of adolescents thinking about themselves and thinking about others are similar.

An adolescent’s imaginer audience commonly helps with critical thinking and risk assessment.

Which of the following statements are correct? (Check all that apply.)

Indigenous rites of passage (check all that apply)

Long-term use of antipsychotics carries little risk

Individuals who have never taken antipsychotics have the best prognosis.

Indigenous societies cannot distinguish between shamanic illness and schizophrenic severe psychological suffering.

There is sufficient evidence that schizophrenia is a brain disease.

Shamans are the fantasies of a particular cultural imagination.

Which of the following are positive symptoms of schizophrenia? (Check all that apply)

The diagnostic definition of what schizophrenia is varies.

Erasmus of Rotterdam claimed that madness or folly is necessary to reach

During the initiation of the Siberian shaman Sereptie he went through challenging experiences which Western psychiatry would call ____________ and Indigenous peoples would call __________.

____________ is commonly considered the exemplar of madness.

Disorganized behavior is one of the negative symptoms of schizophrenia.

Cross-cultural differences exist in emergence and course of so-called schizophrenic or psychotic phenomena.

Which of the following is NOT part of the schizophrenia spectrum according to the DSM-5?

Which of the following is NOT one of the four phases of the schizophrenic process commonly recognized?

The two scenarios at the beginning of the chapter suggest that

Schizophrenia in Western societies is not real, because they always are in truth spiritual emergences.

Hallucinations is one of the positive symptoms of schizophrenia.

David Lukoff’s story is remarkable because

What is considered madness has been consistent throughout history.

It is better to speak of schizophrenia in the plural rather than the singular.

What is considered madness has been consistent throughout history.

Which of the following is NOT a theme in the history of the field of “abnormal psychology” and understanding severe psychological suffering?

Individuals who have never taken antipsychotics have the best prognosis.

Shamans are the fantasies of a particular cultural imagination.

The history of attempting to understand schizophrenia began with

Erasmus of Rotterdam claimed that madness or folly is necessary to reach

Disorganized behavior is one of the negative symptoms of schizophrenia.

Schizophrenia is an expression of capacities that have been evolutionarily beneficial in Indigenous societies.

Which of the following have notably higher recovery rates?

Indigenous societies cannot distinguish between shamanic illness and schizophrenic severe psychological suffering.

____________ is commonly considered the exemplar of madness.

The two scenarios at the beginning of the chapter suggest that

Psychiatry offers satisfactory explanations of schizophrenia.

Cross-cultural differences exist in emergence and course of so-called schizophrenic or psychotic phenomena.

The diagnostic definition of what schizophrenia is varies.

It is better to speak of schizophrenia in the plural rather than the singular.

There is sufficient evidence that schizophrenia is a brain disease.

Which of the following is NOT part of the schizophrenia spectrum according to the DSM-5?

The term “anomic depression” refers to

Byung-Chul Han observes that the creative expressions of liberty now have become metrics that increase our self-observation and self-discipline.

Which of the following are possible alternate terms for ‘depression’? (Check all that apply.)

Most antidepressants have an effect size that is not clinically meaningful.

One third of Americans take prescription drugs that increase the risk of depression.

Which of the following are NOT factors potentially triggering depression? (Check all that apply.)qr

The notion of bipolar is very important in Argentina.

Chronic stress has been shown to reduce the size of the hippocampus in depressed people by

The spirit dances of the Northwest Coast can be seen as (check all that apply)

In Japan feelings akin to “depression” were traditionally (before the arrival of Western antidepressants) occasion for

Research about the frequency of bipolar disorders in the 1930s shows that (check all that apply)

Ehrenberg claims that optimism of the illusion of endless possibilities can make it difficult to develop a trajectory for one’s life

Antidepressants were discovered through systematic research in the treatment of depression

The diagnosis of bipolar disorders used to be comparatively rare in the 1950s.

The number of Americans taking antidepressants is approximately

Japanese people describe would describe depression in somatic terms (heaviness, headaches, chest pain, etc.).

All depression is equally environmentally mediated.

The notion that there is one singular type of depression is

Clear focus in the midst of a prevailing dark mood is one of the diagnostic criteria for depression.

Chronic stress depletes dopamine, our pleasure neurotransmitter.

Integrative states of consciousness of traditional rituals can be considered a prophylactic for severe psychological suffering.

The number of people taking antidepressants has significantly declined in recent years.

Many of the terms and descriptions of depression in other cultures encourage the search for social and moral meaning.

Antidepressant given for depression increase the likelihood of triggering bipolar suffering.

Jilek considers ____________ as superior to Western psychotherapeutic approach with Indigenous clients.

The notion that there is one singular type of depression is

All depression is equally environmentally mediated.

Research about the frequency of bipolar disorders in the 1930s shows that (check all that apply)

The diagnosis of bipolar disorders used to be comparatively rare in the 1950s.q

Dysthymic disorder can be described as

One third of Americans take prescription drugs that increase the risk of depression.

Immersion in one’s local ecology may be an aspect of preventing depression.

In discussion the history of depression, Ehrenberg identifies ______ as cause of suffering.

Which of the following is NOT a symptom of agoraphobia?

Fear is always irrational.

There is no reason to believe that evolutionary factors play a role in the learning of specific phobias.

Generalized anxiety disorder makes people more susceptible to a number of physical diseases.

In the definition of the textbook anxiety refers to

Current research shows that generalized anxiety disorder seems to be the least heritable of all anxiety disorders and that aversive or traumatic experiences play a more significant role than in other anxiety disorders.

Which of the following is NOT a symptom of panic disorder?

Which of the following is NOT a symptom of generalized anxiety disorder?

In the definition of the textbook, fear refers to

Medication is not an option for anxiety disorders.

Anxiety disorders can be explained as an intra-action of biological and psychological vulnerabilities.

Fears and anxieties in response to traumatic experiences are rational responses.

Research has established a connection between increases in anxiety and political values.

Both fear and anxiety have a similar neurophysiology

One interpretation of social anxiety disorder is that it is

Fear has no survival value and medication is always the appropriate therapeutic intervention.

Generalized anxiety disorder is predictive of other anxiety disorders.

One of the criteria for a specific phobia is that

Repeated checking of locks in OCD is an

In the definition of the textbook anxiety refers to

Cultural differences in self construction make no difference for either positive or negative dissociative processes.

The term “possession” refers to

The appearance of a different sense of self

One of the alternate terms for “trance” is

One of the central differences in the uses of the term “possession trance” and “religious trance” is

Most human societies have or had ritual trance practices.

Possession experiences can never be positive.

The term “life-potentiating” refers to the

One of the major causes of dissociative identity disorder can be found in

Continuity of the underlying self is one of the central diagnostic criteria for DID in the DSM.

Spiritual enlightenment, as described in Eastern traditions, is synonymous with depersonalization in psychological terms

Trance, in psychological terms, is

The term “possession” refers to

Which of the following is NOT a dimension in Krippner’s three-dimensional model of dissociation?

Dissociative experiences are inevitably negative.

The fundamental process in DID is

One of the central differences in the uses of the term “possession trance” and “religious trance” is

Spiritual enlightenment, as described in Eastern traditions, is synonymous with depersonalization in psychological terms

The term “life-potentiating” refers to the

In Indigenous societies the appearance of different selves can be part of their cultural lives, for example through initiations.

While different integrated personalities are often part of the process of DID, the process of fragmentation is more central to understanding DID.

Continuity of the underlying self is one of the central diagnostic criteria for DID in the DSM.

Spiritual enlightenment, as described in Eastern traditions, may resemble depersonalization in appearance.

Chris Sizemore’s alters or subpersonalities showed markedly different physical symptoms and habits.

Krippner’s dimensional model of dissociative processes (awareness, control, etc.) presented in the textbook avoids pathologizing all dissociative processes.

In Western or Eurocentered cultures certain dissociative experiences are considered normal.

One of the alternate terms for “trance” is

Individuals suffering from depersonalization

Dissociative and somatic symptom and related disorders are fairly common.

Conversion disorder has a clear and well understood underlying neurological pattern.

Possession is an experience that can be learned and ritually controlled with beneficial results.

Dissociative and somatic symptom and related disorders are fairly common.

The cultural background and construction of self may make an important difference in how spiritual experiences are pursued and integrated.

Individuals suffering from depersonalization

Dissociative experiences are inevitably negative.

The term “possession” refers to

Individuals suffering from derealization do not experience the external world as solid.

Possession is an experience that can be learned and ritually controlled with beneficial results.

Research with Western meditators has shown that overachievers with high levels of ambition and drive are most likely to achieve enlightenment and to integrate meditative experiences.

Trance, in psychological terms, is

In dissociative amnesia the memory loss typically focuses on

The term “life-potentiating” refers to the

Which of the following is NOT a dimension in Krippner’s three-dimensional model of dissociation?

Most human societies have or had ritual trance practices.

One of the major causes of dissociative identity disorder can be found in

Continuity of the underlying self is one of the central diagnostic criteria for DID in the DSM.

Possession experiences can never be positive.

When a person loses memory of who they are, leave their home, and establish a different life in a new location this is called

While different integrated personalities are often part of the process of DID, the process of fragmentation is more central to understanding DID.

The fundamental process in DID is

Spiritual enlightenment, as described in Eastern traditions, may resemble depersonalization in appearance.

Which of the following is NOT an assumption of orthodox Western psychology?

The DSM has diagnostic categories that specifically address suffering resulting from one’s socio-cultural context.

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Which of the following is NOT one of the dimensions listed for understanding personality disorders?

Character style is a more intense version of a personality disorder.

Character style refers to a relative absence of symptoms, “normal” or everyday suffering, and an awareness of discomforts and conflicts and is a weak reflection of descriptions of personality disorder.

Attraction refers to

Being intersex and being transgender essentially means the same.

The term transgender refers to

In the patriarchal schema emotions and nature are associated with the ____________ and mental and public are associated with the ______________.

When a person has a strong desire to be of the other gender the likely DSM diagnosis is

When a person has a strong desire to be of the other gender the likely DSM diagnosis is

Biological sex refers to

Transsexual and transgender are synonymous and mean essentially the same.

When a person has an erotic fixation on objects that are not sexual in nature, a possible DSM diagnosis would be (a)

The cognitive-emotional attitude “I have no right to exist, the world is dangerous” is likely indicative of which personality disorder?

Which of the following is NOT an assumption of orthodox Western psychology?

In the patriarchal schema emotions and nature are associated with the ____________ and mental and public are associated with the ______________.

The diagnosis of a personality disorder requires

Attraction refers to

Paranoid personality disorder can be described as

When a person is sexually aroused from touching nonconsenting persons in crowds, a possible DSM diagnosis would be (a)

Avoidant personality disorder is part of which diagnostic cluster?

Being intersex and being transgender essentially means the same.

Gender identity refers to

Obsessive-compulsive personality disorder is part of which diagnostic cluster?

When a person derives intense sexual arousal from cross-dressing fantasies, a possible DSM diagnosis would be (a)

When a person derives sexual arousal from being bound or beaten, a possible DSM diagnosis would be (a)

The DSM has diagnostic categories that specifically address suffering resulting from one’s socio-cultural context.

Schizotypal personality disorder can be described as

Borderline personality disorder can be described as

The cognitive-emotional attitude “I have to control myself or I will totally lose control” is likely indicative of which personality disorder?

Attunement between caregiver and child supports the development of false self-structures.

People with schizoid issues often use dissociation as defense mechanism.

When a person has a strong desire to be rid of their primary or secondary sex characteristics, a possible DSM diagnosis would be (a)

Erich Fromm asserts that

Obsessive-compulsive personality disorder is part of which diagnostic cluster?

Character style is a more intense version of a personality disorder.

When a person has delayed ejaculation, a possible DSM diagnosis would be (a)

The DSM has diagnostic categories that specifically address suffering resulting from one’s socio-cultural context.

Gender expression refers to

Which of the following is NOT one of the dimensions listed for understanding personality disorders?

Borderline personality disorder can be described as

When a person is sexually aroused from touching nonconsenting persons in crowds, a possible DSM diagnosis would be (a)

Avoidant personality disorder is part of which diagnostic cluster?

The term transgender refers to

When a person has a strong desire to be of the other gender the likely DSM diagnosis is

Which of the following is NOT an assumption of orthodox Western psychology?

Which of the following is NOT an assumption of orthodox Western psychology?

Predispositions for personality disorders can best be described as

Obesity is a medical problem which is

Obesity is one of the diagnostic categories for eating disorders in the DSM.

Based on current research evidence, which is most likely the central cause of obesity?

Anorexia nervosa, as described and defined in the DSM, has always existed worldwide in this form, including in China and Hongkong.

Which of the following characterizes anorexia nervosa?

The origins of human interest in drugs can be found in the Hippie Movement of the Haight Ashbury in San Francisco.

Almost one third of all people using prescription opioids misuse them.

The negative impact of drug use on the adolescent brain is practically identically to the impact on the adult brain.

All hallucinogens are highly addictive.

Research evidence supports the notion that MDMA (ecstasy) can be used beneficially in the treatment of PTSD.

Almost one third of all people using prescription opioids misuse them.

Obesity is one of the diagnostic categories for eating disorders in the DSM.

The casual and careless use of hallucinogens during the Hippie Movement in the Haight Ashbury in San Francisco (leading to casualties) is also typical among Amazonian tribes in traditional Indigenous settings.

Obesity is a medical problem which is

It is a myth that Coca-Cola actually contain cocaine in its early years.

Obesity is a medical condition.

Psilocybin has been in shown to be ineffective in the treatment of depression and cancer-related anxiety.

All hallucinogens are highly addictive.

Obesity does not have any relationship with income inequality.

The movie Killing Us Softly shows that

The origins of human interest in drugs can be found in the Hippie Movement of the Haight Ashbury in San Francisco.

In bulimia nervosa the person its fewer calories than needed.

Anorexia nervosa, as described and defined in the DSM, has always existed worldwide in this form, including in China and Hong Kong.

Certain hallucinogens have been used beneficially for millennia in highly controlled cultural contexts.

Anorexia nervosa entered the available pool of symptoms only in recent decades in Hong Kong.

Which of the following is NOT among the criteria (pattern) for substance use disorders in the DSM?

The cost of drug use disorders or addictions is in the

The most important factor underlying the epidemic of obesity is the popularity and availability of processed, calorie-dense, high-sugar, and high-fat foods.

Research evidence supports the notion that MDMA (ecstasy) can be used beneficially in the treatment of PTSD.

Which of the following is NOT a symptom of bulimia nervosa?

Normative assumptions, such as about gender and sexuality, can cause severe psychological suffering in individuals.

Miller claims that moral values have no place in mental health diagnosis.

The shift of framework from psychological fact (received view of science) to psychological phenomenon (intra-active view) means that evidence is less important.

Wilhelm Wundt’s vision of psychology was what we now see manifest in how experimental psychology is done.

The best translation of the word “pathology” is the study of deviance.

Most psychiatrists and psychologists use a model of severe psychological suffering based on intra-active psychology.

Most contemporary social theorists and futurists think that the major challenges for humanity can only be resolved within a worldview of interconnection.

Understanding the diagnostician and the diagnostic label as part of a phenomenon of severe psychological suffering is indicative of

Wilhelm Wundt is the father of experimental psychology.

Which of the following are important within the intra-active psychology framework? Check all that apply.

Culture-specific interventions and diagnoses are fundamentally useless for understanding severe psychological suffering.

Certain psychedelic or hallucinogenic substances have been shown to be effective in the treatment of (check all that apply).

The labels “neurodiversity” and “neuroqueering” are

The promise of the biomedical model of severe psychological suffering has finally come true.

Emergent diagnoses like “posttraumatic slave syndrome” or “nature deficit disorder” are attempts to

Wilhelm Wundt has a vision of psychology that was reductionistic.

Within the received view of science depression would likely be described as

For Indigenous peoples decolonial cultural practices mean

The Diagnostic Statistical Manual shows clearly how the classification of mental illness or severe psychological suffering is just like botanical classification.

Within the intra-active psychology framework depression would likely be described as

Understanding severe psychological suffering is a question of

Emergent diagnoses like “posttraumatic slave syndrome” or “nature deficit disorder” are attempts to

An individualistic self and worldview likely will make the resolution of humanity’s current major challenges more difficult.

Understanding the diagnostician and the diagnostic label as part of a phenomenon of severe psychological suffering is indicative of

Within the received view of science depression would likely be described as

Miller claims that moral values have no place in mental health diagnosis.

Miller claims that the goal of defining “mental disorders” objectively is an illusion.

Which of the following are important within the intra-active psychology framework? Check all that apply.

The shift of framework from psychological fact (received view of science) to psychological phenomenon (intra-active view) means that evidence is less important.

The best translation of the word “pathology” is the study of deviance.