Pathophysiology: Patho Quiz 1 Flashcards

C.Q. was recently exposed to group A hemolytic Streptococcus and subsequently developed a pharyngeal infection. His clinic examination reveals an oral temperature of 102.3°F, skin rash, dysphagia, and reddened throat mucosa with multiple pustules. He complains of sore throat, malaise, and joint stiffness. A throat culture is positive for Streptococcus, and antibiotics have been prescribed. The etiology of C.Q.’s disease is

A 17-year-old college-bound student receives a vaccine against an organism that causes meningitis. This is an example of

An obese but otherwise healthy teen is given a prescription for a low-calorie diet and exercise program. This is an example of

A patient with high blood pressure who is otherwise healthy is counseled to restrict sodium intake. This is an example of

After suffering a heart attack, a middle-aged man is counseled to take a cholesterol-lowering medication. This is an example ofN

A patient has been exposed to meningococcal meningitis, but is not yet demonstrating signs of this disease. This stage of illness is called the _____ stage.

A disease that is native to a particular region is called

In general, with aging, organ size and function

The stage during which the patient functions normally, although the disease processes are well established, is referred to as

Your patient’s red blood cell is slightly elevated today. This might be explained by (Select all that apply.)

Socioeconomic factors influence disease development because of (Select all that apply.)

TRUE/FALSE
When the cause is unknown, a condition is said to be idiopathic

The nurse is swabbing a patient’s throat to test for streptococcal pharyngitis. The nurse must understand that tests such as this differ in the probability that they will be positive for a condition when applied to a person with the condition; this probability is termed sensitivity.

All the following stress-induced hormones increase blood glucose except

The most common tumor-suppressor gene defect identified in cancer cells is

Necrotic death of brain tissue usually produces _____ necrosis.

Your patient eats “lots of fat,” leads a “stressful” life, and has smoked “about two packs a day for the last 40 years.” Her chronic morning cough recently worsened, and she was diagnosed with a lung mass. The most likely contributing factor for development of lung cancer in this patient is

In general, with aging, organ size and function

The hypermetabolic state leading to cachexia in terminal cancer is thought to be because of

An increase in organ size and function caused by increased workload is termed

The stage during which the patient functions normally, although the disease processes are well established, is referred to as

Selye’s three phases of the stress response include all the following except

After surgery to remove a lung tumor, your patient is scheduled for chemotherapy, which will

A 17-year-old college-bound student receives a vaccine against an organism that causes meningitis. This is an example of

The nurse is swabbing a patient’s throat to test for streptococcal pharyngitis. The nurse must understand that tests such as this differ in the probability that they will be positive for a condition when applied to a person with the condition; this probability is termed sensitivity.

Cancer grading is based on

Indicators that an individual is experiencing high stress include all the following except

Retroviruses are associated with human cancers, including

An obese but otherwise healthy teen is given a prescription for a low-calorie diet and exercise program. This is an example of

After bronchoscopy and histologic examination of a suspected tumor, your patient is diagnosed with primary bronchial carcinoma. Thus, the tumor

Apoptosis is a process that results in cellular

Extreme cold injures cells by all the following except

When the cause is unknown, a condition is said to be idiopathic

A patient with metastatic lung cancer wants to know her chances for survival. Which response is correct?

Allostasis is best defined as

A patient has been exposed to meningococcal meningitis, but is not yet demonstrating signs of this disease. This stage of illness is called the _____ stage.

Malignant neoplasms of epiphelial origin are known as

A disease that is native to a particular region is called

Carbon monoxide injures cells by

Breast cancer in women who have the breast cancer gene

Paraneoplastic syndromes in cancer involve excessive production of substances by multiple means. A common substance found in excessive amounts resulting from cancer paraneoplastic syndromes is

Persistence of the alarm stage will ultimately result in

The primary effect of aging on all body systems is

The primary adaptive purpose of the substances produced in the alarm stage is

In general, a cancer cell that is more tissue-specific differentiated is more likely to be aggressive.

The cellular component that is most susceptible to radiation injury is the

All these cellular responses are potentially reversible except

The effects of excessive cortisol production include

The cellular change that is considered preneoplastic is

Many of the responses to stress are attributed to activation of the sympathetic nervous system and are mediated by

Reperfusion injury to cells

Of the statements below, the accurate statement regarding nutrition and cellular health is

Proto-oncogenes

Indicators that an individual is experiencing high stress include all the following except

The hypermetabolic state leading to cachexia in terminal cancer is thought to be because of

Malignant neoplasms of epithelial origin are known as

Which is not normally secreted in response to stress?

Familial retinoblastoma involves the transmission of what from parent to offspring?

In general, a cancer cell that is more tissue-specific differentiated is more likely to be aggressive.

Persistence of the alarm stage will ultimately result in

Somatic death refers to death

An obese but otherwise healthy teen is given a prescription for a low-calorie diet and exercise program. This is an example of

The effects of excessive cortisol production include

Your patient is scheduled for a staging procedure. She wants to know what that means. The correct response is which of the following?

The primary effect of aging on all body systems is

When the cause is unknown, a condition is said to be idiopathic

Of the statements below, the accurate statement regarding nutrition and cellular health is

The cellular response indicative of injury because of faulty metabolism is

A patient with metastatic lung cancer wants to know her chances for survival. Which response is correct?

After bronchoscopy and histologic examination of a suspected tumor, your patient is diagnosed with primary bronchial carcinoma. Thus, the tumor

Your patient is scheduled for a staging procedure. She wants to know what that means. The correct response is which of the following?

A patient with metastatic lung cancer wants to know her chances for survival. Which response is correct?

After surgery to remove a lung tumor, your patient is scheduled for chemotherapy, which will

Malignant neoplasms of epithelial origin are known as

Retroviruses are associated with human cancers, including

Cancer grading is based on

Deficits in immune system function occur in cancer due to (Select all that apply.)

Tumor markers (Select all that apply.)

Characteristics of telomerase include (Select all that apply.)

Side effects of chemotherapy include (Select all that apply.)

In general, a cancer cell that is more tissue-specific differentiated is ____ (more/less) likely to be aggressive.

Necrotic death of brain tissue usually produces _____ necrosis.

Metaplasia is

The cellular change that is considered preneoplastic is

Coagulative necrosis is caused by

Reperfusion injury to cells

Extreme cold injures cells by all the following except

The primary effect of aging on all body systems is

Of the statements below, the accurate statement regarding nutrition and cellular health is