Ch 20: Lympathic System Flashcards

1) Peyer's patches are clusters of lymphoid tissue found primarily in the large intestine.

2) The lymphatic capillaries function to absorb the excess protein-containing interstitial fluid and return it to the bloodstream.

3) Lymph capillary permeability is due to minivalves and protein filaments.

4) Lymphatic capillaries are permeable to proteins.

5) Digested fats are absorbed from the intestine by the lymph capillaries.

6) Chyle is delivered to the blood via the lymphatic system.

7) There are more efferent lymphatic vessels leaving a lymph node than there are afferent vessels entering a lymph node.

8) About 3 liters of fluid are lost to the tissue spaces every 24 hours and are returned to the bloodstream as lymph.

9) Because lymph vessels are very low-pressure conduits, movements of adjacent tissues are important in propelling lymph through the lymphatics.

10) Lymphoid tissue is mainly reticular connective tissue.

11) Lymphocytes reside temporarily in lymphoid tissue, then move to other parts of the body.

12) The thymus is the only lymphoid organ that does not DIRECTLY fight antigens.

13) Like blood, lymph flows both to and from the heart.

14) When tissues are inflamed, lymphatic capillaries develop openings that permit uptake of large particles such as cell debris, pathogens, and cancer cells.

15) The cisterna chyli collects lymph from the lumbar trunks draining the upper limbs and from the intestinal trunk draining the digestive organs.

16) If even a small part of the spleen is left in a ten-year-old child, it will most likely regenerate itself.

17) In the spleen, red pulp is involved in the immune functions and white pulp is involved in disposing of worn-out RBCs.

18) The most important role of the spleen is to provide a site for lymphocyte proliferation and immune surveillance and response.

19) The most important of the secondary lymphoid organs in the body are the lymph nodes.

1.3 Multiple Choice Questions 1) Small secondary lymphoid organs, which cluster along lymphatic vessels, are termed ________. A) lymph follicles B) lymph nodes C) lymphatics D) lacteals

2) Which of the following would NOT be classified as a lymphoid organ? A) Peyer's patches of the intestine B) pancreas C) spleen D) tonsils

3) Which of the following statements regarding the thymus is FALSE? A) It has follicles similar to those in the spleen. B) It does not directly fight antigens. C) It functions strictly in T lymphocyte maturation. D) Its stroma consists of epithelial tissue.

4) Lymph transport involves all of the following EXCEPT ________. A) lymph capillary minivalve action B) milking action of active muscle fibers C) thorax pressure changes during breathing D) smooth muscle contraction in the lymph capillary walls

5) The thymus is most active during ________. A) childhood B) fetal development C) middle age D) old age

6) Which of the following is NOT a part of the lymphatic system? A) lymph nodes B) lymph C) lymphatic vessels D) erythrocytes

7) Antibodies that act against a particular foreign substance are released by ________. A) lymph nodes B) plasma cells C) T lymphocytes D) medullary cords

8) Lymph leaves a lymph node via ________. A) afferent lymphatic vessels B) efferent lymphatic vessels C) the cortical sinus D) the subcapsular sinus

9) Which cells are the main "warriors" of the immune system? A) basophils B) macrophages C) lymphocytes D) monocytes

10) When the lymphatic structures of a limb are blocked due to tumors, the result is ________. A) increased pressure in the lymphatics proximal in the limb to the blockage B) abnormally high lymph drainage from the distal region C) shrinkage of tissues distal in the limb to the blockage due to inadequate delivery of lymph D) severe localized edema distal to the blockage of that limb

11) Select the correct statement about lymph transport. A) Under normal conditions, lymph vessels are very high-pressure conduits. B) Lymph transport is only necessary when illness causes tissue swelling. C) Lymph transport is faster than that occurring in veins. D) Lymph transport depends on the movement of adjacent tissues, such as skeletal muscles.

12) Select the correct statement about lymphocytes. A) The two main types are T cells and macrophages. B) T cells are the precursors of B cells. C) T cells are the only form of lymphocyte found in lymphoid tissue. D) B cells produce plasma cells, which secrete antibodies into the blood.

13) Select the correct statement about lymphoid tissue. A) Lymphoid macrophages secrete antibodies into the blood. B) T lymphocytes act by ingesting foreign substances. C) Once a lymphocyte enters the lymphoid tissue, it resides there permanently. D) Lymphoid tissue is predominantly reticular connective tissue.

14) Lymphoid tissue that appears as a swelling of the mucosa in the oral cavity is called a(n) ________. A) Peyer's patch B) thymus C) tonsil D) appendix

15) Which of the following does NOT contain a mucosa-associated lymphatic tissue? A) appendix B) tonsil C) Peyer's patch D) thymus

16) Peyer's patches are found in the distal portion of the ________. A) large intestine B) stomach C) small intestine D) esophagus

17) Lymphatic capillaries are present in ________. A) digestive organs B) CNS C) bones and teeth D) bone marrow

18) What is a bubo? A) a lobe of the spleen B) an infected Peyer's patch C) an infected lymph node D) a wall in a lymph node

19) The thymus is the only lymphoid organ that does NOT ________. A) directly fight antigens B) have lymphocytes C) have a cortex and medulla D) produce hormones

20) Mucosa-associated lymphoid tissues include all of the following EXCEPT ________. A) palatine tonsils B) islets of Langerhans C) lingual tonsils D) Peyer's patches

21) Which of the following is NOT a method that maintains lymph flow? A) skeletal muscle contraction B) breathing C) capillary smooth muscle contraction D) valves in lymph vessel walls

22) The tonsils located at the base of the tongue are the ________. A) pharyngeal tonsils B) Peyer's tonsils C) palatine tonsils D) lingual tonsils

23) Which of the following is NOT a normal component of lymph? A) plasma proteins B) red blood cells C) water D) ions

24) Which lymphoid organ atrophies as we age? A) thymus B) appendix C) spleen D) tonsils

25) Which of the following is considered a primary lymphoid organ? A) appendix B) thymus C) tonsils D) spleen

26) Which of the following is NOT a function of the lymphatic system? A) transporting dietary fats B) transporting respiratory gases C) draining excess interstitial fluid D) carrying out immune responses

27) Which of the following is NOT a function of lymph nodes? A) act as lymph filters and activate the immune system B) produce lymphoid cells and house granular WBCs C) serve as antigen surveillance areas D) produce lymph fluid and cerebrospinal fluid

28) The blood testis barrier is to newly formed sperm cells as the blood thymus barrier is to ________. A) plasma cells B) white pulp C) T lymphocyte precursors D) mast cells

29) Which of the following statements is FALSE? A) The thymus consists mainly of lymphoid tissue. B) Antibodies mark antigens for destruction. C) T lymphocytes originate from the red bone marrow. D) Only lymph nodes filter lymph.

30) Which of the following statements is FALSE regarding the spleen? A) Clusters of white pulp look like islands in a sea of red pulp. B) The splenic artery and vein enter and exit the spleen at the hilum. C) Red pulp is where immune functions take place. D) The spleen is the largest lymphoid organ.

31) Flow of lymph through a lymph node is slowed due to ________. A) the presence of lymphocytes and macrophages B) fewer efferent vessels draining it compared to many afferent vessels feeding it C) the viscous nature of lymph D) mini-valves

32) Tonsils have blind-ended structures called ________ that trap bacteria and particulate matter. A) tonsillar crypts B) germinal centers C) tonsillar corpuscles D) lymphoid follicles

33) From the right leg, lymph moves in which order? A) right lumbar trunk, right lymphatic duct, right subclavian vein B) right lumbar trunk, right lymphatic duct, left subclavian vein C) right lumbar trunk, thoracic duct, left subclavian vein D) right lumbar trunk, thoracic duct, right subclavian vein

34) Lymphocytes can develop and mature in the ________. A) spleen B) tonsils C) lymph nodes D) red bone marrow

35) Lymphatic ________ are formed from the union of the largest collecting lymphatic vessels. A) trunks B) ducts C) capillaries D) nodes