Which of the following traits was most important in enabling the first plants to move onto land?

A. The development of sporopollenin to prevent the desiccation of zygotes

B. Peroxisome enzymes that minimize losses from photorespiration

C. Apical meristems

D. Alternation of generations

E. Rings of cellulose-synthesizing complexes

A. The development of sporopollenin to prevent the desiccation of zygotes

Which term below is the proposed kingdom that would include embryophytes and charophytes?

A. Streptophyta

B. Pteridophyta

C. Bryophyta

D. Viridiplantae

E. Plantae

A. Streptophyta

Which of these represents the sporophyte generation of the moss life cycle?

A. B

B. D

C. C

D. E

E. A

D. E

In moss, _____ produce sperm.

A. Antheridia

B. Sporangia

C. Archegonia

D. Protonemata

E. Embryos

A. Antheridia

The sperm produced by mosses require _____ to reach an archegonium.

A. The development of a flower

B. Wind

C. Moisture

D. Animals

E. Eight

C. Moisture

In mosses gametes are produced by _____; in ferns gametes are produced by _____.

A. Mitosis ... mitosis

B. Meiosis ... mitosis

C. Binary fission ... mitosis

D. Mitosis ... meiosis

E. Meiosis ... meiosis

A. Mitosis ... mitosis

The adaptation that made possible the colonization of dry land environments by seed plants is most likely the result of the evolution of _____.

A. Pollen

B. Cones

C. Ovules

D. Sporophylls

E. Heterospory

A. Pollen

All seed plants _____.

A. Are heterosporous

B. Exhibit a dominant gametophyte generation

C. Are nonvascular

D. Produce flowers

E. Produce antheridia and archegonia on the same gametophyte

A. Are heterosporous

Categories:

1. Cycads Only

2. Ginkgos Only

3. Gnetophytes Only

4. Conifers Only

5. All Gymnosperms

Answers:

- Redwoods

- Pines

- All species produce cones

- Leaves have fanlike appearance

- Includes three genera that vary greatly in appearance

- Only one living species today

- Have palmlike leaves

- Undergo alternation of generations

- Seeds do not form in an enclosed structure

Cycads Only:

- Have palmlike leaves

Ginkgos Only:

- Leaves have fanlike appearance

- Only have one living species today

Gnetophytes Only:

- Includes three genera that vary greatly in appearance

Conifers Only:

- Redwood

- Pines

- All species produce cones

All Gymnosperms:

- Undergo alternation of generations

- Seeds do not form in an enclosed structure

Label

a. Meiosis

b. Mitosis

c. Haploid

d. Gametophyte

e. Pollination

f. Diploid

g. Gametophyte

h. Diploid

i. Diploid

j. Sporophyte

Etc. Meiosis

Ovules are found within structure _____.

A. A

B. B

C. C

D. D

E. E

B. B

Which of these is unique to flowering plants?

A. An embryo surrounded by nutritive tissue

B. Pollen production

C. A dominant sporophyte generation

D. Double fertilization

E. Haploid gametophytes

D. Double fertilization

The male gametophytes of flowering plants are also referred to as _____.

A. Megaspores

B. Endosperm

C. Embryo sacs

D. Male sporophytes

E. Pollen grains

E. Pollen grains

In flowering plants the integuments of the ovule develop into a(n) _____.

A. Endosperm

B. Sporophyte

C. Fruit

D. Seed coat

E. Cotyledon

D. Seed coat

A carpel is composed of _____.

A. Stigma, style, and ovary

B. Zygote, anther, and endosperm

C. Ovary, ovule, and anther

D. Ovule, megasporocyte, and anther

E. Petal, sepal, and stamen

A. Stigma, style, and ovary

A stamen consists of _____.

A. Stigma and style

B. Ovary and sepal

C. Anther and filament

D. Stigma and filament

E. Stigma and anther

C. Anther and filament

In angiosperms, pollination is the transfer of pollen grain to the _____ of a flower on the same plant or another plant of the same species.

A. Style

B. Ovary

C. Anther

D. Ovulate cone

E. Stigma

E. Stigma

Angiosperms are most closely related to _____.

A. Gymnosperms

B. Green algae

C. Charophyceans

D. Seedless vascular plants

E. Bryophytes

A. Gymnosperms

Which of these was the dominant plant group at the time that dinosaurs were the dominant animals?

A. Bryophytes

B. Gymnosperms

C. Angiosperms

D. Seedless vascular plants

E. Charophyceans

B. Gymnosperms

This is an image of a(n) _____.

A. Bryophyte

B. Seedless vascular plant

C. Angiosperm

D. Charophycean

E. Gymnosperm

D. Charophycean

Plants evolved from green algae approximately _____ million years ago.

A. 2,200

B. 130

C. 3,500

D. 400

E. 475

E. 475

_____ are an example of seedless vascular plants.

A. Lilacs

B. Charophyceans

C. Pine trees

D. Ferns

E. Mosses

D. Ferns

The living plants that are most similar to the first plants to bear gametangia are the _____.

A. Seedless vascular plants

B. Angiosperms

C. Charophyceans

D. Bryophytes

E. Gymnosperms

D. Bryophytes

When you look at a pine or maple tree, the plant you see is a _____.

A. Triploid endosperm

B. Diploid gametophyte

C. Haploid sporophyte

D. Diploid sporophyte

E. Haploid gametophyte

D. Diploid sporophyte

In mosses gametes are produced by _____; in ferns gametes are produced by _____.

A. Mitosis ... meiosis

B. Binary fission ... mitosis

C. Meiosis ... meiosis

D. Meiosis ... mitosis

E. Mitosis ... mitosis

E. Mitosis ... mitosis

Which of these structures is diploid?

A. E

B. D

C. B

D. C

E. A

B. D

Where do fern antheridia develop?

A. On the underside of the gametophyte

B. On the tip of the haploid protonema

C. On the tip of the sporophyte

D. On the tip of the gametophyte

E. On the underside of the sporophyte

A. On the underside of the gametophyte

The conspicuous part of a fern plant is a _____.

A. Haploid gametophyte

B. Diploid gametophyte

C. Diploid sorus

D. Diploid sporophyte

E. Haploid sporophyte

D. Diploid sporophyte

Which of these characteristics is shared by algae and seed plants?

A. Chloroplasts

B. Embryo development within gametangia

C. Vascular tissue

D. Pollen

E. Roots and shoots

A. Chloroplasts

The closest algal relatives of land plants are _____.

A. Chrysophytes

B. Charophytes

C. Rhodophytes

D. Psilophytes

E. Bacillariophytes

B. Charophytes