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  2. Select Back of pages for Viewing and print the back of the notecards
    NOTE: Since the back of the pages are printed in reverse order (last page is printed first), keep the pages in the same order as they were after Step 1. Also, be sure to feed the pages in the same direction as you did in Step 1.
  3. Cut out the notecards by cutting along each horizontal and vertical dotted line
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54 notecards = 14 pages (4 cards per page)

Viewing:

Anatomy & Physiology: Circulatory System

front 1

Whole blood consists of

back 1

approx. 55% plasma & 45% formed elements: erythrocytes (red blood cells), leukocytes (white blood cells) & platelets.

front 2

What percent of blood is plasma?

back 2

55%

front 3

What percent of blood is formed elements?

back 3

45%

front 4

What does formed elements consist of?

back 4

erythrocytes, leukocytes & platelets

front 5

What are erythrocytes?

back 5

Red blood cells (RBC's)

front 6

What are leukocytes?

back 6

White blood cells (WBC's)

front 7

What are platelets?

back 7

A small colorless disk-shaped cell fragment without a nucleus, found in large numbers in blood and involved in clotting.

front 8

Visual of Platelet functions -->

back 8

front 9

Formed elements are produced from

back 9

stem cells in red bone marrow.

front 10

True/ False
Erythrocytes are modified for transport of oxygen.

back 10

~TRUE~

front 11

True/False
Most of the oxygen (from modified erythrocytes) is bound to the pigmented protein hemoglobin.

back 11

~TRUE~

front 12

There are ___ types of leukocytes.

back 12

5

front 13

The 5 different types of leukocytes can be distinguished on the basis of

back 13

size, appearance of the nucleus, staining properties, presence & absence of visible cytoplasmic granuels.

front 14

White blood cells are active in

back 14

phagocytosis (neutrophils & monocytes) and antibody formation (lymphocytes).

front 15

Blood serves to

back 15

transport oxygen & nutrients to body cells & to carry away carbon dioxide & metabolic wastes.

front 16

True/False
Blood carries away carbon dioxide & metabolic waste.

back 16

~TRUE~

front 17

Does blood transport oxygen & nutrients to body cells?

back 17

~YES~

front 18

Plasma contains approx. _a__% proteins, __b__, ___c__, _d___ & __e____, which are dissolved or suspended in water.

back 18

a. 10%
b. ions
c. nutrients
d. waste products
e. hormones

front 19

What happens to the proteins, ions, nutrients, waste products & hormones contained w/in plasma?

back 19

They are dissolved or suspended in water.

front 20

The heart is a __a__ _a__ that sends blood to the __b_ for oxygenation through the __c__ __c__ & to the remainder of the body through the __d_ _d__.

back 20

a. double pump
b. lungs
c. pulmonary circuit
d. systemic circuit

front 21

Blood is received by the _a__ & is pumped in circulation by the __b__.

back 21

a. atria
b. ventricles

front 22

True/False
Valves between the atria & ventricles include the tricuspid on the RIGHT SIDE of the heart & the bicuspid on the LEFT SIDE of the heart.

back 22

~TRUE~

front 23

The valve on the LEFT SIDE of the heart is the___ valve?

back 23

BICUSPID

front 24

The valve on the RIGHT SIDE of the heart is the ___ valve?

back 24

TRICSUPID

front 25

What valves are found at the entrances of the pulmonary trunk & the aorta?

back 25

SEMILUNAR VALVES

front 26

Blood is supplied to the heart muscle (myocardium) by what arteries?

back 26

Coronary arteries

front 27

What is the myocardium?

back 27

The heart muscle

front 28

Circulation of blood through the heart- visualization-

back 28

Follow the blood flow path, while looking at the picture to get a better understanding of the pathway our blood travels through our heart.
**Bicuspid valve is also called the mitral valve.

front 29

Blood drains from the ____a_____ directly into the ___b__ __b__ through the ___c__ __c__.

back 29

a. myocardium
b. right atrium
c. coronary sinus

front 30

The hearts intrinsic beat is initiated by the __a__ _a__ and transmitted along the conduction system through the __b____.

back 30

a. Sinoatrial node
b. Myocardium

front 31

The intrinsic beat intiated by the sinoatrial node along the conduction system through the mycardium -is a wave of electrical activity & is what is measured on a

back 31

ECG- Electrocardiogram

front 32

The cardiac cycle is the period from the

back 32

end of one ventricular contraction to the end of the next ventricular contraction.

front 33

True/False
The contraction phase of the cycles is __a__; the relaxation phase is __b__.

back 33

a. systole
b. diastole

front 34

The contraction phase of the cardiac cycle is called

back 34

systole

front 35

The relaxation phase of the cardiac cycle is called

back 35

diastole

front 36

The vascular system contains

back 36

arteries, veins & capillaries.

front 37

Arteries carry blood

back 37

AWAY from the heart

front 38

Veins carry blood

back 38

TOWARD the heart

front 39

Capillaries is where

back 39

exchange takes place between blood & cells of the body.

front 40

True/False
Capillaries are microscopic vessels.

back 40

~TRUE~

front 41

As arteries get farther away from the heart they

back 41

become thinner & thinner

front 42

The smallest arteries are called

back 42

arterioles

front 43

True/ False
The veins parallel the arteries and usually have the same names.

back 43

~TRUE~

front 44

The ___a_________________ are the _b__ _b__ that empty into the __c__ __c__ of the heart.

back 44

a. Superior & Inferior venae cavae
b. large veins
c. right atrium

front 45

True/ False
The walls of the arteries are thick & elastic, because they carry blood under high pressure.

back 45

~TRUE~

front 46

Vasoconstriction & Vasodilation result from

back 46

Contraction & relaxation of smooth muscle in the arterial walls.

front 47

Vasocontriction is ______ of the smooth muscle in the artery wall.

back 47

contraction

front 48

Vasodilation is ____ of smooth muscle in the artery wall.

back 48

relaxation

front 49

True/False
The contraction & relaxation influence blood pressure & blood distribution to the tissues.

back 49

~TRUE~

front 50

Vein walls are ___a___ & less ___b___ than those of the arteries, because they carry blood under lower pressure.

back 50

a. thinner
b. elastic

front 51

True/False
Arteries are thicker & more elastic than veins because they carry blood under high pressure.

back 51

~True~

* veins are the opposite of arteries as far as structure goes.

front 52

Mechanisms that help draw venous blood back to the heart include:

back 52

a. pressure of the skeletal muscles on the veins
b. expansions of the chest in breathing
c. valves in the veins of the legs that keep blood moving in a forward direction.

front 53

Labled diagram of the heart

back 53

Thank you for using my notecards, I hope they were helpful. Please leave comments and post notecards of your own for others to use. ~ :-) ~

front 54

Major arteries & veins of the body.
* These are good to know if you are taking A&P.

back 54

Notice the arteries are paralleled w/veins w/the same name (most of them). Example: Femoral artery & Femoral vein.
Arteries in red
Veins in blue